Carotenoids beta-cryptoxanthin

Nutrient Content high in protein, prebiotic fiber, antioxidant A-C-E vitamins, B vitamins, dietary minerals Phytochemical Content high in carotenoids (beta-cryptoxanthin, beta-carotene, lycopene in red varieties), polyphenols (hesperidin, anthocyanins)... 

Phytochemical Content high in carotenoids (beta-cryptoxanthin, beta-carotene, lycopene), polyphenols (anthocyanins)... 

Fruits and other foods do not actually contain vitamin A rather, a group of the orange-yellow pigments called carotenoids, such as beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin, are converted into vitamin A in the body. 

High Phytochemical Content carotenoids (alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, violaxanthin) polyphenols (mixed fia-vonoids—anthocyanins, quercetin, gallic acid, gallotannins, rhamne-tin, cyanidin and xanthone glycosides, chlorophyll, resveratrol)... 

Hippophae rhamnoides L. Sha Ji (Sea buckthorn) (seed, fruit, leaf) Cryptoxanthin, harman, harmol, hemin, isorhamnetin, lycopene, serotonin, isorhamnetin-3-mono-beta-D-glucoside, polyphenols, fatty acids flavonoid, essential oils, tannins, quercitin, vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotenoid.50-450 Improve resistance to infection, skin irritation and eruption, treat heart disease, oil for cosmetic use. 

Beta-carotene as determined in fruits and vegetables is used as a measure of the provitamin A content of foods. The column chromatographic procedure, which determines this content, does not separate a-carotene, p-carotene, and cryptoxanthin. Provitamin A values of some foods are given in Table 6-3. Carotenoids are not synthesized by animals, but they may change ingested carotenoids into animal carotenoids—as in, for example, salmon, eggs, and crustaceans. Usually carotenoid content of foods does not exceed 0.1 percent on a dry weight basis. 

Vitamin A is a family of fat-soluble vitamins, of which retinol is the most active form. Beta-carotene is a provitamin carotenoid that is converted to retinol more efficiently than other provitamin carotenoids. Other provitamin carotenoids include alpha-carotene and (trivial names) b-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin they are widely available in foods. 

The presence of other carotenoids can affect the absorption of carotenoids into intestinal mucosal cells, since carotenoids can compete for absorption or facilitate the absorption of another. Data on carotenoid interactions are not clear. Human studies show that /3-carotene decreases lutein absorption, while lutein has either no effect or a lowering effect on /3-carotene absorption. Although not confirmed in humans, the inhibitory effect of lutein on /3-carotene absorption might be partly attributed to the inhibition of the /3-carotene cleavage enzyme by lutein shown in rats. Beta-carotene also seemed to lower absorption of canthaxanthin, whereas canthaxanthin did not inhibit /3-carotene absorption. Studies showed that /3-carotene increased lycopene absorption, although lycopene had no effect on /3-carotene. Alpha-carotene and cryptoxanthin show high serum responses to dietary intake compared to lutein. In addition, cis isomers of lycopene seem to be more bioavailable than the -trans, and selective intestinal absorption of a)X-trans /3-carotene occurs, as well as conversion of the 9-cis isomer to sW-trans /3-carotene. It is clear, then, that selective absorption of carotenoids takes place into the intestinal mucosal cell. 

Carotenoids Alpha- and beta-carotene cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin Quench singlet and triplet oxygen, increase cell-cell communication Red, orange and yellow fruits and vegetables, egg yolk, butter fat, margarine... 

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