Caro, Heinrich

Cahoins, Auguste (1813-1891), 94,95, Cannizzaro, Stanislao (1826-1910), 150 Carlsson, Oscar (1844-1916), 322-3 Caro, Heinrich (1834-1910), 127 Carraddo, Jose Rodriguez (1856-1928), 271... 

Ca.ro s Acid. Caro s acid is named after Heinrich Caro (1834—1910), who first described its preparation and oxidi2ing properties ia 1898. Hereia Caro s acid is used to designate the equiUbrium mixtures that result from mixing hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid. These Hquids mix iastantly, generating a considerable amount of heat. The equiUbrium constant for this reaction is 0.1 (62). 

Letter to Heinrich Caro, The Chestnuts, Sudbery, May 25, 1891. Kirkpatrick Papers L, 1999, vol. 2. 

The first laboratory synthesis of indigo was achieved by Adolf von Baeyer in 1878, and in 1883 he revealed the structural formula 1 to Heinrich Caro, at that time head of the research laboratories at BASF [4],... 

A.S. Travis, C. Reinhardt, Heinrich Caro and the Creation of Modem Chemical Industry (Dordrecht Kluwer, 2000), 333. 

Thus speaks Heinrich Caro, one of the prominent workers in the development of the coal tar industry in Germany. 

FIGURE 19. A banquet to celebrate the anilines. This large and distinguished company of academic and industrial chemists and others is celebrating the jubilee of the discovery of mauve by William Henry Perkin at the Hotel Metropole, London, on 26 luly 1906. William Perkin, Heinrich Caro, Raphael Meldola, Emil Fischer, and Paul Friedlander are among those at the top table. By this time, the dye industry had developed all the major processes for production of aniline and its congeners, and naphthylamines, and aminoanthraquinones. Edelstein Collection... 

One year after the structure elucidation of alizarin, Heinrich Caro at BASF developed in collaboration with Graebe and Liebermann the following successful synthesis. Sulfonation of anthraquinone with oleum [56] gives in the absence of catalysts, on steric grounds, anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid [57] as the main product. This intermediate is then subjected to an alkali melt under oxidative conditions. 

Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915), Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine of 1908, and methylene blue. The compound was first synthesised in 1876 by Heinrich Caro (1834-1910) at BASF, and a year later, the company was hereby awarded the first German patent on a coal tar dye. 

Heinrich Caro (Posen, 13 February 1834-Dresden, ii September 1911) in 1859 was in the dye firm of Roberts, Dale and Co. in Manchester, making Perkin s mauveine. He then joined the Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik at Ludwigshafen, becoming a director (1868-89), and discovering many important dyestuffs.Caro obtained... 

Production of dyestuffs initially followed empirical methods, but academic research, especially that of August Wilhelm v. Hofmann, Adolf v.Baeyer, Carl Graebe, Carl Liebermann, Emil Fischer and Heinrich Caro established the scientific bases which gave a powerful impetus to the German dyestuffs industry. Already by 1880, the German share in world dyestuffs production had reached one-half and in 1900 it exceeded 80%. 

All the dyestuffs mentioned so far had no natural counterparts. However, in 1869 Perkin in England and Heinrich Caro (1834-1910) in Germany independently discovered a method of synthesising alizarin, the natural dye of the madder plant, which had been used since antiquity. The starting material for the synthesis was the hydrocarbon anthracene. This is present in the least volatile fraction of coal tar, for which hitherto there had been very little use. Its value now increased enormously. 

Reinhardt C, Travis AS (2000) Heinrich Caro and the creation of the modern chemical industry. Kluwer, Dordrecht... 

Heinrich Caro at BASF and William Perkin independently discover commercial routes to synthetic alizarin. Patents are filed in London during June 1869. Manufacture begins in England and Germany during 1869-1870 and leads to the decline in the cultivation of madder. This lays the foundation of modem science-based industry and industrial-academic collaboration. 

Academic chemist Adolf Baeyer, at Strasbourg, and industrial chemist, Heinrich Caro, at BASF, jointly publish the modem sttucture of alizarin. 

Central Research Laboratory, designed by Heinrich Caro, opens at the... 

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