Cardiopulmonary bypass models

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Carrie D, Caranobe C, Saivin S et al. (1994) Pharmacokinetic and antithrombotic properties of two pentasaccharides with high affinity to antithrombin III in the rabbit comparison with CY 216. Blood 84(8) 2571-2577 Dewanjee MK, Wu S, Kapadvanjwala M et al. (1996) Reduction of platelet thrombi and emboli by L-arginine infusion during cardiopulmonary bypass in a pig model. J Thromb Thrombolysis 3 339-356 

Meuleman DG, Hobbelen PM, Van Dinther TG et al. (1991) Antifactor Xa activity and antithrombotic activity in rats of structural analogues of the minimum antithrombin III binding sequence discovery of compounds with a longer duration of action than the natural pentasaccharide. Semin Thromb Hemost 17 (Suppl 1) 112—117 Millet J, Theveniaux J, Brown NL (1994) The venous antithrombotic profile of naroparcil in the rabbit. Thromb Haemost 72(6) 874-879 

Murray WG (1985) A preliminary study of low molecular weight heparin in aortocoronary bypass surgery. In Murray WG (ed) Low molecular weight heparin in surgical practice (Master of surgery thesis). London University of London, 

Stockmans F, Stassen JM, Vermylen J et al. (1997) A technique to investigate mural thrombus formation in arteries and veins II. Effects of aspirin, heparin, r-hirudin and G-4120. Ann Plastic Surg 38(1) 63—68 

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During cardiopulmonary bypass, addition of fluids such as anticoagulants leads to a reduction in the hematocrit or percentage or the total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells. Thus the elastic properties of blood do not affect blood flow in a BO [48]. Further, since the hematocrit of the blood is low, cell-cell interactions are likely to be less important. In modem BOs, the average relative shear stress on the blood is about 5-30 Pa [20]. Under these conditions, blood may be modeled as a shear-thinning fluid. Consequently, a Newtonian blood analogue fluid cannot model the variation of blood viscosity with shear rate. 

Suhara, H., Sawa, Y., Nishimura, M., Oshiyama, H., Yokohama, K., Saito, N., and Matsuda, H. (2001). Efficacy of a new coating material, PMEA, for cardiopulmonary bypass circuits in a porcine model. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 71(5), 1603. 

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