Cardiology atrial fibrillation

Marcus GM, Sung RJ. Antiarrhythmic agents in facilitating electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation and promoting maintenance of sinus rhythm. Cardiology. 2001 95 1-8. 

Mr Jones is subsequently transferred to the cardiology ward where his continuing atrial fibrillation is later confirmed as persistent atrial fibrillation. As the ward clinical pharmacist, you are responsible for daily review of drug charts and advice to medical and nursing staff on all aspects of drug treatment for patients on the ward. 

Rea R F, Hamdan M, Schomer S J et al 1991 Inhibitory effects of procainamide on sympathetic nerve activity in humans. Circulation Research 69 501-508 Reef V 1999 Arrhythmias. In Marr C (ed) Cardiology of the horse. Saunders, London, pp. 179-209 Reef V B, Levitan C W, Spencer P A 1988 Factors affecting prognosis and conversion in equine atrial fibrillation. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2 1-6... 

Reef V B, Relmer J M, Spencer P A 1995 Treatment of atrial fibrillation In horses new perspectives. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 9 57-67 Ribner H S, Plucinski D A, Hsieh A M et al 1985 Acute effects of digoxin on total systemic vascular resistance in congestive heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy a hemodynamic-hormonal study. American Journal of Cardiology 56 896-904 Richardson D W, Kohn C W 1983 Uroperitoneum in the foal. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 182 267-271... 

Interventional cardiology no longer refers to just percutaneous coronary procedures. Peripheral vascular procedures are now a well-established part of the armamentarium. Perhaps the most exciting innovation in the interventional domain is percutaneous valvular repair for treatment of aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation. This area has the potential to be transformative. Finally, in the field of electrophysiology, percutaneous ablation to isolate the pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation achieves success in the majority of patients. Whether this procedure will replace antiar-rhythmic therapy as a first-line approach remains to be seen, but for time being this approach at the very least can offer dramatic symptomatic relief for debilitated patients. 

Fig. 4.73 The landmarks of the triangle of Koch are superimposed on the exposed right atrial cavity. The relationship of these structural landmarks to the coronary sinus is seen, (from Ho S Understanding arial anatomy Implications for atrial fibrillation ablation. In Cardiology International for a global perspective on cardiac care. London, Greycoat Publishing 2002. pp sl7-s20)...

Ho S. Understanding atrial anatomy implications for atrial fibrillation ablation. Cardiology International for a Global Perspective on Cardiac Care. Greco Publishing Ltd., S17 through S20, 2002. 

Adequate orders for discontinuation, bridging or timing of anticoagulants must be written to avoid interference with the planned surgery and LRA, but also in order to avoid thromboembolic complications [8]. In patients with recently stented coronaries, mechanical valves or chronic atrial fibrillation, a cardiology consult should be obtained. 

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