Carcinogenesis multiple mutations

A number of short-term tests can be used to determine the genotoxic potential of chemicals. These tests use both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and measure such end points as gene mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and interactions with critical macromolecules It is widely recognized chat no test can detect all genotoxic compounds, and multiple end points are required to provide a reliable assessment of genotoxiclty. Information from several tests can be combined to reveal two important toxic effects carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. 

A 55-year-old man with pulmonary aspergillosis developed a phototoxic reaction after taking voriconazole for a few months, followed by multiple squamous cell carcinomas on sun-exposed skin areas [65 ]. After voriconazole withdrawal, no new carcinomas were observed. Exploration of gene mutations involved in skin carcinogenesis showed two variants of the MICR gene. 

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