Carbon-nitrogen bonds 1,2-addition reactions

Addition Reactions with Formation of Carbon-Nitrogen Bonds Addition Reactions with Formation of Carbon-Sulfiir or Carbon-Selenium Bonds Addition Reactions with Formation of Carbon-Halogen Bonds Cleavage Reactions... 

Reactions of Alkynyl Amines In 2004, Shimada et al. reported that platinum-catalyzed intramolecular carbon-nitrogen bond addition reaction, called... 

Other examples of addition reactions that form carbon-nitrogen bonds are the reactions of hexafluoro-2-butyne with various heterocydes [77], aromatic... 

Lipases are the enzymes for which a number of examples of a promiscuous activity have been reported. Thus, in addition to their original activity comprising hydrolysis of lipids and, generally, catalysis of the hydrolysis or formation of carboxylic esters [107], lipases have been found to catalyze not only the carbon-nitrogen bond hydrolysis/formation (in this case, acting as proteases) but also the carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. The first example of a lipase-catalyzed Michael addition to 2-(trifluoromethyl)propenoic acid was described as early as in 1986 [108]. Michael addition of secondary amines to acrylonitrile is up to 100-fold faster in the presence of various preparations of the hpase from Candida antariica (CAL-B) than in the absence of a biocatalyst (Scheme 5.20) [109]. 

Transition metal complex-catalyzed carbon-nitrogen bond formations have been developed as fundamentally important reactions. This chapter highlights the allylic amination and its asymmetric version as well as all other possible aminations such as crosscoupling reactions, oxidative addition-/3-elimination, and hydroamination, except for nitrene reactions. This chapter has been organized according to the different types of reactions and references to literature from 1993 to 2004 have been used. 

In this case it is not that the carbon-nitrogen bond is so weak rather, it is the formation of the strong nitrogen—nitrogen triple bond of the N2 product that enables the reaction to occur at relatively low temperatures. Azobis(isobutyronitrile), also known as AIBN, has been widely used as a radical source because it is commercially available. In addition, it undergoes bond homolysis at lower temperatures than other azo compounds (below 100°C) because the product radicals are tertiary and are stabilized by resonance. 

Reactions of organomagnesium compounds with nitroso or nitro compounds are often complicated, and not useful in synthesis, or only represented by isolated examples. One exception to this generalization involves conjugate addition to a,[3-unsaturated and aromatic nitro compounds (see Section 4.2), and two others lead to the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds. 

Addition Reactions with Formation of Carbon-Nitrogen Bonds... 

---