Carbon-nitrogen bond forming reactions oxidative cyclization

In conclusion, the author has developed a novel route to isoquinoline-fused polycyclic compounds by a four-component coupling and cascade cyclization strategy. In this reaction, the cyclization/oxidation step can be accelerated by use of an oxygen atmosphere, giving rise to improved yields of the cyclized products in many cases. Because this four-component reaction catalytically forms one carbon-carbon and four carbon-nitrogen bonds producing only H2O and H2 as the... 

In the coordination unsaturated compounds (which are able to coordinate with one or two ligands) such as the Wilkinson complex, an aldehyde carbonyl, nitrogen group of diazo compound and carbon-carbon unsaturated bond oxidatively add to the compounds, and the cyclization is liable to proceed by reductive elimination [98-102]. For example, 4-pentene-l-al derivative reacts in the presence of the Wilkinson complex to afford prostaglandin derivatives by cyclization [98,101]. When the reaction is performed with a chiral rhodium complex, the cyclization product is obtained in a high ee% yield [102]. The cyclization usually forms five or six-membered ring compounds, the reaction of a diazo compound with acetylenic... 

Then until 2011, the Ackermann group reported a ruthenium(II)-catalyzed oxidative annulations of alkynes with benzamides (Eq. (7.22)) [29]. In this method, Cu(OAc)2 H2O was used as the terminal oxidant to regenerate the ruthenium(II) catalyst in the catalytic cycle. This cyclization reaction proceeded via cleavage of both ortho-C H and amide N-H bonds of benzamides to form isoquinolones in high chemo- and regioselectivity. The insertion of unsymmetrical alkylarylalkynes occurred with a connection of the electron-deficient alkyne carbon with nitrogen atom selectively. Moreover, electron-deficient alkynes exhibited higher reactivity in this transformation. 

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