Carbon nanotube reinforced thermosets

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Mathur et al. (2010) used multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to reinforce phenolic resins using both the wet and dry dispersion techniques before molding. The phenolic composites reinforced with 5% MWCNTs exhibited a flexural strength 158% higher than those of neat phenolic thermosets. 

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites can contain short, discontinuous fibers (usually in thermoplastics see Fig. 1.14) or long, continuous fibers in thermoset resins. Fibers can vary from the usual glass fibers with thicknesses of some tens of micrometers up to nanofibers or carbon nanotubes (single-waiied or multiwalled, SWCNT or MWCNT) about 10 nm thick. The properties of fiber-reinforced composites depend on thickness, length, and volume content of the fibers, as well as on adhesion (interfacial strength) and matrix properties. 

Polymer composites reinforced with inorganic fillers of dimensions in the nanometer range, known as nanocomposites, have attracted great attention of researchers due to unexpected synergistic properties derived from two components. The most studied polymer nanocomposites (PNs) are composed of thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix and organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) l-4] or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [5-7]. 

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