Carbon monoxide hydrogenation, effect

McDonald, M.A., Storm, D.A., and Boudart, M. 1986. Hydrocarbon synthesis from carbon monoxide-hydrogen on supported iron Effect of particle size and interstitials. J. Catal. 102 386 -00. 

Lee, D.-K., Lee, J.-H., and Ihm, S.-K. 1988. Effect of carbon deposits on carbon monoxide hydrogenation over alumina-supported cobalt catalysts. Appl. Catal. 36 199-207. 

Machocki, A. 1991. Formation of carbonaceous deposit and its effect on carbon monoxide hydrogenation on iron-based catalysts. Appl. Catal. 70 237-52. 

Lahtinen, J., and Somorjai, G. A. 1998. The effects of promoters in carbon monoxide hydrogenation on cobalt foil model catalysts. J. Mol. Catal. A 130 255-60. 

Reuel, R.C., and Bartholomew, C.H. 1984. Effects of support and dispersion on the carbon monoxide hydrogenation activity/selectivity properties of cobalt. J. Catal. 85 78-88. 

Levin, B.C. Paabo, M. Gurman, J.L. Clark, H.M. Yoklavich, M.F. Further Studies of the Toxicological Effects of Different Time Exposures to the Individual and Combined Fire Gases-Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen Cyanide, Carbon Dioxide and Reduced Oxygen, Polyurethane 88. Proceedings of the 31— SPI Conference. Philadelphia, PA, 1988, p. 249-252. 

Lanthanum rhodate catalysts, carbon monoxide hydrogenation, 36 296-297 Fischer-Tropsch reaction, temperature effect, 36 297-298... 

The effects of the overlayer on the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide and the hydrogenolysis of ethane were examined. With increasing titania coverage, the activity of Rh for carbon monoxide hydrogenation passes through a maximum, whereas the activity for ethane hydrogenolysis decreases monotonically. 

Catalysis by Metal Ousters in Zeolites. There is an increasing interest in the use of metal clusters stabilized in zeolites. One objective of such work is to utilize the shape and size constraints inherent in these support materials to effect greater selectivities in typical metal-catalysed reactions. Much work has been concerned with carbon monoxide hydrogenation, and although the detailed nature of the supported metals so obtained is not well understood, there is clear evidence of chain limitation in the Fischer-Tropsch process with both RuY zeolites and with HY and NaY zeolites containing Fe3(CO)22- In the former case there is a drastic decline in chain-growth probability beyond C5- or C10-hydrocarbons depending upon the particle size of the ruthenium metal. 

As an attempt in this direction, a hierarchy was recently developed for nickel catalysts (6). The basic idea is to monitor the chemical properties of a catalyst as probed by hydrogen chemisorption, ethane hydrogenolysis, and carbon monoxide hydrogenation. The hierarchy, originally developed for Ni/I O catalysts, was later extended to nickel supported on phosphate-containing materials and a niobia-silica surface phase oxide. In this paper the usefulness of the hierarchy will be illustrated by its ability to differentiate between support effects of niobia and phosphate, and to establish the intermediate degree of interaction of niboia-silica. 

The hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to produce methanol is a very important commercial process [466], which could be used to reduce the greenhouse effect [467]. Haruta showed that gold supported on titanium, iron, or zinc oxides exhibits an appreciably high activity for carbon dioxide (Fig. 6.20) and carbon monoxide hydrogenation, between 423 and 673 K, when very fine gold particles are deposited on oxide supports by either CP or DP methods [31,468,469]. 

In Table 4.1 chemisorption data on alumina-supported platinum-iridium catalysts and related catalysts containing platinum or iridium alone show the effect of varying the temperature of calcination of the catalyst (in air or oxygen-helium mixture) on the metal dispersion (40,41). Data are presented for chemisorption of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and oxygen. The final three catalysts in the table contained more metal than the first three. They also contained 0.1 wt% Fe (enriched with 57Fe) incorporated as a probe for Moss-bauer spectroscopy experiments (41). The presence of the iron is ignored in the discussion of the chemisorption results. 

Levin, B. C., M. Paabo, J. L. Gurman, H. M. Clark, and M. F. Yoklavich. 1988. Further studies of the toxicological effects of different time exposures to the individual and combined fire gases carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, carbon dioxide, and reduced oxygen. Proc. SPI Annu. Tech. 31 249-52. 

Raising the temperature, the adsorption equilibrium between hydrogen and carbon monoxide, jointly adsorbing on platinum, shifts in favor of hydrogen adsorption. This raises the highest admissible threshold concentration of carbon monoxide. The effect could be seen in fuel cells with phosphoric acid electrolyte, which work at temperatures of about 180-200°C and admit carbon monoxide concentrations in hydrogen as high as 100 ppm, despite the fact that platinum catalysts are used. 

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