Carbon fibers glass matrix composites

Qi D, Pantano CG, Effects of composite processing on the performance of carbon fiber/glass matrix composites, Proc 16 Annual Conf Composites and Adv Ceramic Materials, American Ceramic Society, Waterville, 863, 1992. 

Carbon fiber glass matrix composites were intensively studied in the 1970s [77, 78] and SiC fiber composites in the 1980s [79, 80], In both cases the fabrication method is essentially the same. Fiber tows or fabrics are first immersed in a glass powder suspension, and the powder-containing fiber sheets are stacked ready to be hot-pressed into laminates. 

Fig. 7.24. Predicted fracture toughness of carbon and glass fiber-polymer matrix composites (CFRP and GFRP) with varying matrix shrinkage stress, n. After Piggott (1981).

Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites also find some important applications. Carbon is an excellent high temperature material when used in an inert or nonoxidizing atmosphere. In carbon fiber reinforced ceramics, the matrix may be carbon or some other glass or ceramic. Unlike other nonoxide ceramics, carbon powder is nonsinterable. Thus, the carbon matrix is generally obtained from pitch or phenolic resins. Heat treatment decomposes the pitch or phenolic to carbon. Many pores are formed during this conversion from a hydrocarbon to carbon. Thus, a dense and strong pore-free carbon/carbon composite is not easy to fabricate. 

Fibers are classified as natural or synthetic. Fibers are used as a reinforcement material to increase the mechanical properties of polymer composites [31]. Synthetic fibers have been successfully used as the reinforcing material in composites such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, and Kevlar fiber. Glass fiber is a well-known example of a reinforcement material for polyolefin matrix. Polypropylene is a composite of increasing interest in automotive and other applications [32]. Figure 6.3 illustrates a glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene matrix. 

R Y. Leung, S. T. Gonczy, G. T. Stanford, C. E. Southern, D. M. Lipkin, Near-Net Shape Formability and Fibrous Fracture in Glass Matrix Composites Reinforced with Continuous Ceramic Fibers, NASA Conference Publication 3097, Proceedings ofthe 14th Conference on Metal Matrix, Carbon, and Ceramic Matrix... 

P. M. Benson, K. E. Spear and C. G. Pantano, Thermochemical Analysis of Interface Reactions in Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Glass Matrix Composites, in Ceramic Microstructures 86. Role of Interfaces, ed. by J. A. Pask and A. G. Evans, Plenum Press, New York (1987) 415 25. 

Thermochemical analysis can be used to study interface reactions in carbon fiber reinforced glass matrix composites [118]. 

Benson PM, Spear KE, CG Pantano, Thermochemical analysis of interface reactions in carbon-fiber reinforced glass matrix composites, JA Pask, Evans AG, eds.. Ceramic Microstructures 86 -Role of Interfaces, Plenum Press, New York, 415, 1987. 

Boccaccini and Gevorkian have advocated carbon fiber reinforced glass matrix composites as self lubricating materials for wear appKcations in a vacuum [242]. 

The use of reinforcing fillers and fibers in polymers to improve their mechanical properties is commonly encountered in polymer technology. Conventional fibers such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, gel-spun polyethylene fibers, and aramids are routinely used in composites of a range of different polymers (Chronakis 2005). The improvement in modulus and strength achieved by using even low levels of a reinforcing fiber in a composite is impressive. Some of this improvement is due to the properties at the fiber/matrix interface and therefore dependent on the surface area of the... 

The mechanical, thermal, and hygrothermal properties of FRP composites are a function of selected constituent materials, namely fiber and matrix, and the fiber, matrix, and void volume fractions that are a result of the manufacturing process. In this analysis, the influence of fiber volume fraction on the failure probability of FRP-rehabilitated piping components is also examined. Procedures for micromechanical and macromechanical analysis of lamina (i.e., determination of lamina elastic moduli and strength properties) from basic constituent properties are well established and readily available in standard texts (Kaw, 2006). Table 5.2 summarizes the constituent properties of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and epoxy matrix utihzed in the reliability analyses presented in this chapter. These standard properties were obtained from Kaw (2006). 

Fig. 19. Inlerfacial shear strengths of various fiber/matrix composites as a function of the work of adhesion as determined by IGC. 1, glass fiber-poly (ethylene) 2, carbon fiber-epoxy B 3, carbon fiber-epoxy A and 4, carbon fiber-PEEK. Redrawn from ref. [102].

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