Carbon edge plane site

The pore structure and surface area of carbon-based materials determine their physical characteristics, while the surface chemical structure affects interactions with polar and nonpolar molecules due to the presence of chemically reactive fimctional groups. Active sites—edges, dislocations, and discontinuities—determine the reactivity of the carbon surface. As shown in Fig. 1, graphitic materials have at least two distinct types of surface sites, namely, the basal-plane and edge-plane sites [11]. It is generally considered... 

Sensing of chlorine is possible with a phthalocyanine-based optode that is elec-trochemically reset [101]. Also a direct electrochemical Clark-type sensor employing carbon electrodes has been investigated [102]. For this type of sensor, the various types of carbon gave different responses and the edge-plane sites of graphitic electrodes were identified as electrochemically active. Both chlorine reduction and chlorine evolution were studied and the effects of the trichloride anion, Ch", were highlighted. 

Banks CE, Davies TJ, WUdgoose GG, Compton RG (2005) Electrocatalysis at graphite and carbon nanotube modified electrodes edge-plane sites and tube ends are the reactive sites. Chem Commim 7 829-841... 

It has been shown that the binding is nonselective for the basal of edge plane sites of the sp carbon electrode. The structure and thickness of the aryl adlayer depend on the electrolysis (modification) time, the applied potential, the type of carbon electrode material, the particular di-azonium derivative, and the solution concentration of the derivative [48, 49]. Mono or multilayer films can form depending on the deposition time [46, 52]. The coupling reactions tend to be favored by both... 

Doped nanocarbons have shown promise as catalysts for the ORR. The reason is primarily dne to a disrnption in the all carbon lattice, from any dopant, which produces polar or charged sites favorable to Oj adsorption. " Although the dopant is known to be involved, the exact catalytic site has been difficult to identify. Edge plane sites/defects were already known to enhance the ORR at carbon electrodes. Increased disorder also accounts for higher ORR activity at N-CNTs with similar elemental compositions. For N-doped nanocarhons, gross nitrogen... 

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