Carbon-Based Polymers, Activated Carbons

The complex three-dimensional structure of these materials is determined by their carbon-based polymers (such as cellulose and lignin), and it is this backbone that gives the final carbon structure after thermal degradation. These materials, therefore, produce a very porous high-surface-area carbon solid. In addition, the carbon has to be activated so that it will interact with and physisorb (i.e., adsorb physically, without forming a chemical bond) a wide range of compounds. This activation process involves controlled oxidation of the surface to produce polar sites. 

Lewandowski, A., Zajder, M., Fr ckowiak, E., Begum, E, 2001. Supercapacitor based on activated carbon and polyethylene oxide-KOH-H20 polymer electrolyte. Electrochim. Acta 46,2777-2780. 

Bower, D.I., Maddams, W.F. (1989) The Vibrational Spectroscopy of Polymer, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-24633-4, Cambridge, UK Chen, J., Wu, S. (2004). Acid/base-treated activated carbons characterization of functional groups and metal adsorptive properties, Langmuir, Vol.20, No.6, (March 2004) pp. 2233-2242, ISSN 0743-7463... 

Verma, M. L., M. Minakshi, and N. K. Singh. 2014. Synthesis and characterization of solid polymer electrolyte based on activated carbon for solid state capacitor. Electrochimica Acta 137 497-503. 

Kumar, Y, G. P. Pandey, and S. A. Hashmi. 2012. Gel polymer electrolyte based electrical double layer capacitors Comparative study with multiwalled carbon nanotubes and activated carbon electrodes. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 116 26118-26127. 

Lim, C. S., K. H. Teoh, C. W. Liew, and S. Ramesh. 2014. Electric double layer capacitor based on activated carbon electrode and biodegradable composite polymer electrolyte. Ionics 20 251-258. 

Laforgue, A., et al. 2001. Hybrid supercapacitors based on activated carbons and conducting polymers. JElectrochem Soc 148 (10) A1130. 

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