Group carbides

Arc-melting Well mixed (in some cases partially pre-reacted) compacts of carbon and the metal may be reacted by melting arc-melting may be especially suitable. An advantage of melting in comparison with solid-state reactions may be related to the fact that arc-melted pieces have a smooth surface less susceptible to contamination. This method was found especially effective for refining and for the preparation of solid solutions mainly of the 4th and 5th carbides groups. 

Cobalt metal with tungsten carbide Group 2B Agents and groups of agents 20A33... 

The Union Carbide group discovered" that the selectivity for oxygenates can be considerably improved when Fe is alloyed with Rh or when bimetallic clusters are formed of these two metals. This can be seen in Figure 5 of ref. 8, or in the original paper.The same group disclosed that Rh on MgO" or Rh/Mn alloys are also good catalysts for oxygenate formation, in particular, the Cj-products. Due to the presence of H2O in the FTS, one has to speak in the latter case of Rh/MnO catalysts. 

A number of workers have measured the CO pressure over various carbide-oxide-graphite systems and attempted to obtain thermochemical information. With few exceptions the results have been irreproducible and in poor agreement with other techniques. This is especially true of Group 4 and the actinide carbides. Group 5 can apparently be studied in this way, but the situation in Group 6 is still in doubt. Even so, the effect of dissolved oxygen can be so important that such measurements should not be used to generate primary data unless the ternary system is well understood. 

Solid state primary batteries can provide very long-life operation at low currents. The first example of such an application is the lithium-iodide solid state battery for cardiac pacemakers which is manufactured in the US by Catalyst Research Co., by Wilson Greatbatch, and by Medtronic Inc. The second example is lithium-glass battery, whose application envisaged is mainly as a power source for electronic computers, such as C-MOS memory backup. Cells commercially available are design XR2025HT by the Union Carbide group. 

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