3- -camphorate

The most important group of derivatives for the amino function (Fig. 7-4) is the carbamate group, which can be formed by reactions with acids, acid chlorides or acid anhydrides. A series of chlorides as 2-chloroisovalerylchloride [1], chrysanthe-moylchloride [2] and especially chloride compounds of terpene derivatives (cam-phanic acid chloride [3], camphor-10-sulfonyl chloride [4]) are used. The a-methoxy-a-trifluoromethylphenylacetic acid or the corresponding acid chloride introduced by Mosher in the 1970s are very useful reagents for the derivatization of amines and alcohols [5]. 

Camphor Laurel Court, Stretton, Brisbane, Queensland 4116, Australia... 

Gelatin, 100%. DuPont St Co name for their Blasting Gelatin given by Vivas, Feigenspan Ladreda, Vol 2, p 393. Prussians used a similar expl con eg 3% camphor for loading (during WWI) trench mortar shells, while Italians used... 

Camphor oil Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae) wood 1-3 camphor (27-45) cineole (4-21) safrole (1-18) soaps... 

By measuring the conductance of several picrates in di-wopropyl ketone at different concentrations, it was shown by the method of Fuoss and Kraus 6 that up to concentration of 01 M there is no detectable triple ion formation. Thus concentrations high enough to satisfy condition (ii) are attainable without the formation of multiple ions. The results of semi-quantitative preliminary experiments indicated that tetraethylammonium and picrate ions had nearly the same mobility in di-wopropyl ketone. This was confirmed by measuring the transport number of the picrate ion by the moving-boimdary method. The conditions for the successful use of the moving-boundary method have been fully examined by Longsworth and Maclnnes.7 A simplified apparatus was used and is shown in fig. 3 camphor-sulphonate was found to be a suitable indicator ion. 

Some kf values so obtained are water 1.8, acetic acid 3.8, benzene 5.1, succi-nonitrile 20.3, camphor 40. The large kf oi camphor makes it especially useful in molecular weight determinations. Like ebulliometry, the cryoscopic method is also limited to relatively low-molecular-weight polymers with M up to 50,000. 

FIGURE 6.10 1 = Camphene, 2 = Succinic anhydride, 3 = Camphor, 4 = Bomeol, 5 = Furancarboxaldehyde (Furfural), 6 = Hydroxymethyl furancarboxaldehyde, 7 = Levoglucosan. 

Photoinitiator systems from hydrogen abstraction or electron transfer usually contain two components a photoinitiator (typically an aromatic ketone) and a co-initiator with a weak covalent bond. Some examples for this system include benzophenones (1), thioxanthones (2), benzyls (3), camphor-quinones (CQs) (4), and ketocoumarins (5), which can be used in the presence of H donors (alcohols, THE, and thiols) or electron donors (such as amines) (Table 2). One of the drawbacks of photoinitiation requiring electron transfer is back electron transfer that limits their practical utility. For this reason, the acidity of the C-H bond of the co-initiator is of great importance. A few initiators are also able to undergo cationic and radical photoinitiation such as iodium and sodium salts and arene complexes. ... 

Camphor-10-sulphonic acids, particularly (-I-) camphor-10-sulphonic acid, have been used in many organic syntheses to induce optical activity in a finished product. 

Dyson Perrins Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford 0X1 3QY 3 Camphor Laurel Court, Stretton, Brisbane, Queensland 4116, Australia... 

All are chiral. Note, however, that 2-methylbutadiene (isoprene) itself is achiral. Number of stereocenters chrysanthemic add, 2 grandisol, 2 menthol, 3 camphor, 2 /1-cadinene, 3 taxol, 11 epiandrosterone, 7 cholesterol, 8 cholic acid, 11 cortisone, 6 testosterone, 6 estradiol, 5 progesterone, 6 norethindrone, 6 ethynylestradiol, 5 RU-486, 5. 

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