Trench mortar

Granat-ton, m. garnet shade, -trichter, m. shell hole, shell crater, -werfer, m. trench mortar, -werfergeachoss, n. mortar shell, -wurzelrinde, /. pomegranate root bark. Grand, m. coarse sand or fine gravel Brewing) underback. 

Minen-bombe, /. mine bomb, high-explosive bomb, -gas, n. mine gas. -granate,/ mine grenade, -korper, m. Mil.) shell body, -pul-ver, n. blasting powder, -werfer, m. trench mortar. 

Military Blasting Gelatines. Expls used in Austria between 1878 and 1892 contg 96p of blasting gelatin (NG 90, Collodion Cotton 10%) and 4p of camphor. A similar expl was used in Russia during WWI for filling trench mortar rounds. 

Their expl props resembled expl ONo 4 K chlorate 90, paraffin 10, previously manufd in Fr. Minelite B, under the designation ONo 6, was used by the Fr during WWI for filling grenades and land mines. A similar expl, contg 90% Na chlorate instead of K chlorate, was used in grenades and trench mortar bombs (Refs 3 4) Refs 1) H. Dautriche, MP 16, 211-2 224-9 (1911-1912) 2) Marshall 1, 382 (1917)... 

According to Stettbacher (Ref 11, Vol 1) the Germans during WWI used a mixt (called Deutscher gesichiessbarer MinensprengstofF ) consisting of K perchlorate 56, DNB 32 and DNN 12%, which was cast-loaded in trench mortar shells, land mines and various bombs, while the French used Perammon (qv) for loading aerial bombs... 

Both Davis (Ref 12) and Naoum (Ref 8) affirm that the following compn was used by the French during WWI for loading S8mm trench mortar shells Amm perchlorate 74.5, paraffin 17, and A1 powder 8.5%... 

A Compn contg AN 72, K perchlorate 10, wood meal 3, and a eutectic mixt of DNT and TNT 15%, was used as a demolition charge and for loading bombs and trench mortar shells. 

Phosgene was used tactically as a delayed or immediate action casualty gas. It was first employed by the Germans in WWI (Dec, 1915) in cylinders under the name D-Stoff. The French iater (1916) employed phosgene as an artillery shell filler (Collingite). During the remainder of the war it was the Allies principal war gas, used also in trench mortars, bombs, and projector drums (Ref 2)... 

Fuze, PD, M53A1 used with 81-mm HE trench mortar cartridges is not described because it is very similar to Fuze M52A1 described above (Ref 17, p 162 Ref 20a, pp 289 8c 291 and Ref 52, pp 5-20 5-21)... 

Trench mortars, historical) 276 (Ignition cartridge and fuze for 3-inch trench mortar ammo) 279 283 (Ignition cartridges for 81-mm trench mortar) 291-318 (Trench mortar fuzes) 319-23 (Artillery fuzes-his-torical, classification and forces available to cause artillery fuzes to function) 326-28 (Percussion primers American M36 and Berdan M37 for 2 0-mm shells) 328, 337, 340-42, 356-57, 369-76, 383-99, 435-44, 455-56, 462, 469-71, 484, 497-502, 525 532-33 (Fuzes for various caliber artillery ammo) 331-35, 364-66, 403-07, 510, 528 541-45 (Primers, percussion for various caliber artillery ammo) 557-62, 580-91 606 (Bomb fuzes) 579-80 (Primer-detonators for bombs) 623-32 (Depth bomb fuzes) 643-52 (Fuzes for fragmentation bombs) 668-71 (Chemical bomb fuzes) ... 

Although aircraft was introduced as an auxiliary warfare weapon by various countries as early as 1910, their actual combat use did not begin until WWI. By this time, incendiary materials were used in the following devices a) small arms ammunition b) shells c) trench mortar projectiles d) grenades and other hand weapons e) aircraft bombs f) flame projectors (described separately) and g) rockets... 

Explosif 0n°6B Min lite B Expl mixture consisting of K chlorate 90, paraffin 7 vaseline 3% used by the French during WWI in grenades and mines. A similar expl contg Na chlorate 90, instead of K chlorate, was used in grenades and trench mortar bombs Note Minelite A contd K chlorate 90, paraffin 7 heavy petroleum oil 3%, while Mine lite C contd K chlorate 89, paraffin 5, vaseline 4 pitch 2%... 

Gelatin, 100%. DuPont St Co name for their Blasting Gelatin given by Vivas, Feigenspan Ladreda, Vol 2, p 393. Prussians used a similar expl con eg 3% camphor for loading (during WWI) trench mortar shells, while Italians used... 

Renovation and Salvage. Similar to regulations outlined under "Trench Mortar Ammunition", with the exception that bouchons and firing mechanisms are not ten ova ted or salvaged unless directed by the proper authority Destruction. For offensive hand grenades and and rifle grenades, not more than 40 grenades shall be packed in close contact with each other in a box and the ensemble placed in a pit, about 4 ft deep, free from stones or other... 

The above data indicate that NGu is a HE resembliog TNT and PA in its props, although giving a considerably lower sand test value Uses During WWI, NGu (50) was used by the Germans, in admixtures with AN (30) and paraffin was (20%), for filling trench mortar shells (Ref 6d, p 39D... 

Other definitions given in Ref 8 include trench mortar (p C28-L), rocket launcher (p C28-R) and guided missile launcher (p C29-L) The following US guns of WWII are listed... 

Flake powder for trench mortars, howitzers and field guns [42]... 

Tetrytol mirt of tetryl TNT TMB trench mortar bomb... 

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