CAMP response element modulator

Rozman, D., M. Fink, G.M. Fimia, P. Sassone-Corsi, and M.R. Waterman (1999). Cyclic adenosine 3, 5 -monophosphate(cAMP)/ cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM)-depend-ent regulation of cholesterogenic lanosterol 14a-demethylase (CYP51) in spermatids. Mol. Endocrinol. 13, 1951-1962. 

This mechanism may account partially for the stimulatory action of NO on transmitter release in hippocampal synapses (Schuman et al. 1994). Last but not least, NO may modulate cellular functions by S-nitrosylation of various proteins. For example, S-nitrosylation of nuclear proteins associated with cAMP response element (CRE) binding protein is involved in regulation of its DNA binding and, hence, CRE-mediated gene expression (Riccio et al. 2006). S-nitrosylation has also been reported to modify the function of various ion channels (Broillet and Firestein 1996, 1997 Xu et al. 1998 Jaffrey et al. 2001). 

Nine cloned mammalian adenylylcyclases (ACs) can be activated by stimulatory a subunits (Gas) and several are modulated by inhibitory a subunits (Ckti) and/or Gp/y complexes. cAMP can activate the PKA, which in turn phosphorylates a wide range of substrates, such as the cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB). When PICA translocates to the nucleus and phosphorylates CREB, the latter is stimulated to regulate gene transcription. There are three mammalian phospholipase C (PLC) isoforms families PLC-P, PLC-y and PLC-6. The first is activated by serpentine receptors, while the second is stimulated by RTKs. 

Suzuki, T., Fujisawa, J.I., Toita, M. and Yoshida, M., The trans-activator tax of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) interacts with cAMP-responsive element (CRE) binding and CRE modulator proteins that bind to the 21-base-pair enhancer of HTLV-1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 90, 610-614 (1993). 

---