Calcitonin vaginal delivery

Richardson, J.L., and Armstrong, T.I., Vaginal Delivery of Calcitonin by Hyaluronic Acid Formulations. In Bioadhesive Drug Delivery Systems (E. Mathiowitz, D.E. Chickering, III, and C.-M. Lehr, eds.), Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1999, pp. 563-599. 

Rochira, M., et al. 1996. Novel vaginal delivery systems for calcitonin. II. Preparation and characterization of HYAFF microspheres containing calcitonin. Int J Pharm 144 19. 

Rochira, M., Miglietta, M. R., Richardson, J. L., Ferrari, L., Beccaro, M., and Benedetti, L. (1996), Novel vaginal delivery systems for calcitonin II. Preparation and characterization of HYAFF microspheres containing calcitonin, Int. J. Pharm., 144,19-26. 

The absorption of drugs from the rectal [32] cavity has been studied in some detail. Muranishi et al. [34] have shown that a significant increase in the absorption and lymphatic uptake of soluble and colloidal macromolecules can be achieved by pretreating the rectal mucosal membrane with lipid-nonionic surfactant mixed micelles. They found no evidence of serious damage of the mucosal membrane. Davis [30] suggested that the vaginal cavity could be an effective delivery site for certain pharmaceuticals, such as calcitonin, used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. 

Microspheres prepared from hyaluronan esters have been evaluated for the vaginal administration of calcitonin in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Microspheres prepared from hyaluronan esters have also been used experimentally as delivery devices for nerve growth factors, and as a nasal delivery system for insulin. ... 

---