Caiboxylic acids salts

Nucleating additives, such as, amotphous nano-silicon dioxide, nano-talc, alkali and alkaline earth salts of aromatic caiboxylic acids (e.g., sodium benzoates, salicylates), salts of ahphatic acids (e.g., sodium acetate), and nano particles of clay impart clarity and transparency to PET. ... 

Metal caiboxylates are ionic, and when the molecular weight isn t too high, the sodium and potassium salts of carboxylic acids are soluble in water. Carboxylic acids therefore may be extracted from ether solutions into aqueous sodium or potassium hydroxide. 

Other Derivatives of SaUcylic Acid. p-Aminosalicylic acid and its salts have been used in the treatment of tuberculosis. / -Aminosalicylic add can be prepared by the caiboxylation of in-amiuoplienol. Metliylene-5,5-disalicylic acid, produced by heating two parts salicylic acid with 1-1.5 parts of 30-40 wt % formaldehyde in the presence of an add catalyst, is used as an intermediate in the production of bacitracin me thy le ne di salicy la te. 

When a substance such as sodium chloride is dissolved in water, the ions that form become completely surrounded by water molecules, which form structures called hydration spheres. When the sodium salt of a fatty acid is mixed with water, the caiboxylate group of the molecule becomes hydrated but the hydrophobic hydrocarbon portion of the molecule is poorly hydrated, if at all. The hydrocarbon chains from numerous fatty acids tend to clump together in spherical structures called micelles or, if large numbers are present, into bilayer sheets. Using a circle to represent the carboxylate group and an attached squiggly line to represent the hydrocarbon chain of a fatty acid, draw a picture of a micelle and a bilayer. 

Rare earth carboxylates are typically prepared by refluxing the appropriate acid (or anhydride) with the metal carbonate, oxide or hydroxide or by reaction of a Ln metal salt with a stoichiometric amount of sodium, potassium or anunonium caiboxylate in aqueous or alcoholic media (Eqs 1.1-1.6) ... 

A variation of metathesis equation (Eq. 1.6) is the reaction between a rare earth metal salt and a carboxylic acid followed by addition of an alkali metal hydroxide imtil precipitation of the rare earth caiboxylate occius (Eq. 1.7), normally at pH = 5-7. 

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