Ca-alginate

Lactic acid bacteria were immobilized in Ca-alginate beads prepared from different concentration of Na-alginate (1.0%, 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0% and 8.0% w/v) and their fermentation efficiencies were investigated in liquid pineapple waste containing 31.3 gL of glucose... 

Effect of bead diameter on lactic acid yield is clearly revealed in Fig.6. The optimum bead diameter for the fermentation of lactic acid for cell entrapped in Ca-alginate is 1.0mm with a yield of 30.27 gL and 96.7%. Increasing bead diameter beyond this value did not improve lactic acid production. Smaller bead diameter yields more lactic acid production, due to an increase in the surface volume ratio [9]. A further increase in bead diameter to 5.0mm results in a decrease of lactic acid production to 17.65 gL or 50.7%. 

The resulting enzyme-containing microcapsules (which can contain different enzymes in different capsules, as was the case here) were then embedded within a Ca-alginate bead, designated a capsules-in-bead structured microreactor (Scheme 5.7). 

Bejar, P., Casas, C., Godia, F., and Sola, C., The Influence of Physical Properties on the Operation of a Three Phase Fluidized-Bed Fermenter with Yeast Cells Immobilized in Ca-Alginate, App. Biochem. Biotechnol., 34/35 (1992)... 

Vorlop, K. D., Estape, D., and Gddia, F., Design of Ca-Alginate Immobilized Yeast Cell Beads with Controlled Low Density to Enhance Their Fluidization Behaviour in Bioreactors, Biotechnol. Tech., 7 287 (1993)... 

Kawakami, K. and Furukawa, S.Y. (1997) Alcohol-oxidation activity of whole cells of Pichia pastoris entrapped in hybrid gels composed of Ca-alginate and organic silicate. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 67, 23-31. 

Pseudomonas luteola Reactive red 22 Fixed bed Continuous Anaerobic E Ca alginate, polyacrylamide gel 30-200 n.a n.a. 

Repeat this for each test organism. For positive control use sterile DW instead of sanitizer solution. For negative control use sterile strips. Swab each strip thoroughly with a premoistened Ca alginate swab and place in Lecithin broth (or other suitable neutralizer). Vortex for 30 sec, then perform the usual pour plate method. 

Swab each strip thoroughly with a premoistened Ca alginate swab. 

Index Entries Biomass ethanol coimmobilization Ca-alginate Pichia stipitis steam explosion. 

Fig. 7. Cofermentation of model solutions of glucose and xylose with P. st ip it is and S. cerevisiae separately immobilized (system G) and coimmobilized (system H) in Ca-alginate beads. The gel fraction in system G was made of 0.20 g/g of beads containing P. stipitis and 0.05 g/g of beads containing S. cerevisiae. The initial concentrations of P. stipitis and S. cerevisiae cells were 5.64 x 1012 and 1.89 x 10u cells/L, respectively. The gel fraction in system H was made of 0.25 g/g of beads containing P. stipitis and S. cerevisiae coimmobilized with a loading ratio of P. stipitis/S. cerevisiae of 4 g/g of dry cells. The total cells concentration was 6.01 x 1012 cells/L.

Fig. 4. H2 photoevolution from ascorbate via P. laminosum PSI particles under different conditions of immobilization. The complete assay system contained 100 mM Mes-NaOH buffer, pH 7.0 75 mM sodium ascorbate 15 mM DTT 2 mM TMPD 1% (w/v) BSA PSI particles (30 pg Chi) 50 pi (saturating amount) of Clostridium pasteurianum hydrogenase and 12.5 pM Spirulina maxima Fd as electron mediator, (a) Conditions all components free (b) hydrogenase immobilized in Ca alginate according to Gisby and Hall (1980) (c) PSI particles immobilized in Ca alginate (d) hydrogenase and PSI coimmobilized in Ca alginate.

Bienaime, C., Barbotin, J. N., and Nava-Saucedo, J. E. (2003), How to build an adapted and bioactive cell microenvironment A chemical interaction study of the structure of Ca-alginate matrices and their repercussion on confined cells, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., A, 67, 376-388. 

Figure 1436. Proposed structure of Ca /alginic acid complex. (From ref. 8. Reprinted with permission of Elsevier Science S.A.)...

Rasmussen MR, Snabe T, Pedersen LH. Numerical modelling of insulin and amyloglucosidase release from swelling Ca-alginate beads. / Controlled Release 2003 91(3) 395—405. 

We wish to report a novel biomiraic mineralization of aq. COa - ions into a Ca alginate hydrogel and into a chitosan-Ca alginate hydrogel in water. 

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