C5 platform chemicals

Production of Renewable C5 Platform Chemicals and Potential Applications... 

PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE C5 PLATFORM CHEMICALS AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS... 

PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE C5 PLATFORM CHEMICALS AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS TABLE 11.2 Derivatives of 5-Carbon Chemicak and Their Applications ... 

Another interesting castor oil-derived platform chemical is 10-undecenal, which is at the same time a challenging substrate for olefin metathesis. For the SM of 10-undecenal, Dixneuf et al. modified C3 and C5 by insertion of SnCl2 into one Ru-Cl bond [48]. Modification of C3 led to a binuclear complex, which showed a conversion of 70% at a catalyst loading of 0.33 mol%. On the other hand, both the modified and unmodified C5 gave conversions over 70% with catalyst loadings of 1.25 mol%, but also led to formation of a high amount of by-products. 

While the ethenolysis of fatty acids and esters yields a-olefins and oo-unsaturated acids and esters, the use of higher olefins or functionalized olefins as CM partners gives access to a wide spectrum of platform chemicals. The wide availability of ethylene makes ethenolysis particularly attractive however, the associated problems regarding loss of catalyst activity already explained have motivated the search for alternative low molecular weight olefins. In this way, 2-butene (butenolysis) has been used to avoid the mentioned problems. Patel et al. reported the butenolysis of different natural oils in the presence of C5 [63], TONs between... 

Concentrated sulfuric acid has been used to dissolve and hydrolyse native cellulose (see Figure 7.6). The concentrated acid can disrupt hydrogen bonding between the cellulose chains and thus decrystallize the eellulose. Then, water is added to rapidly hydrolyse cellulose into glucose. The diluted sulfuric acid is re-concentrated for the next eyele of decrystallization and hydrolysis steps. The final produets inelude a mixture of C5 and C6 sugars. The hydrolysis proeess is generally more complex than pyrolysis or liquefaction. However, hydrolysis enables selective decomposition of the biomass polymers and thus provides access to useful platform chemicals that are unavailable from pyrolysis or liquefaction techniques. 

Tetravitae Bioscience (Eastman Chemical) 2006 Chicago, IL, USA The platform is based on a stable, nongeneticaUy modified C. beijerinckii strain which offers high butanol yields, reduced product inhibition, and the ability to utilize both C5 and C6 sugars Trying to adapt the technology to process ceUulosic feedstocks acquired by Eastman Chemical Company in November 2011 (Eastman press release, 2011)... 

---