1-butylpyridinium chloride

Early in their work on molten salt electrolytes for thermal batteries, the Air Force Academy researchers surveyed the aluminium electroplating literature for electrolyte baths that might be suitable for a battery with an aluminium metal anode and chlorine cathode. They found a 1948 patent describing ionically conductive mixtures of AICI3 and 1-ethylpyridinium halides, mainly bromides [6]. Subsequently, the salt 1-butylpyridinium chloride/AlCl3 (another complicated pseudo-binary)... 

Esterification reactions can be catalyzed by the ionic liquid 1-butylpyridinium chloride-aluminium chloride ([BP]C1/A1C13 (X(A1C13) = 0.33) [34, 35]. Deng and coworkers found that higher yields were obtained than in similar reactions with a sulfuric acid catalyst. 

Gale, R. J., Gilbert, B., and Osteryoung, R. A., Raman spectra of molten aluminum chloride 1-butylpyridinium chloride systems at ambient temperatures, Inorg. Ghem., 17, 2728-2729,1978. 

One type of room-temperature ionic liquid is the mixture of A1C13 and a quaternary ammonium chloride (R+C1 ) like l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMI+C1 ) and 1-butylpyridinium chloride (BP+Ch) [28]. At 1 1 molar ratio of A1C13 and R+C1 , A1C13 exists as AICI4 but the AICI4 ions slightly dissociate into AI2CI7 and Cl-. 

The preparation of 1-butylpyridinium chloride and melts have been described in earlier publications, e.g (3j. 

Ionic liquids (ILs), previously known as molten salts, were mainly used in electrochemistry studies due to their ionic nature. The most important step in the chemistry of the ILs occurred when Osteryoung described a mixture of 1-(1-butylpyridinium)-chloride and aluminium chloride which was liquid at room temperature30. Later on, Wilkes discovered other ionic liquids based on dialkylimidazolium salts that featured even more convenient physical and electrochemical properties than the butylpyridinium salts3i. 

Redox reactions are subject to examination in solvent systems such as 1-butylpyridinium chloride with AICI3, which melts at 308 K (correspondingly, 1-3-dialklyimidazolonium chloride). These molecules are... 

Gale RJ, Osteryoung RA (1979) Potentiometric investigation of dialuminum heptachloride formation in aluminum chloride-1-butylpyridinium chloride mixtures. Am Chem Soc Inorg Chem 18(6) 1603-1605... 

Gale, R.J. Osteryoung, R.A. (1980). The electrical double layer at mercury in room temperature aluminum chloride 1-butylpyridinium chloride ionic liquids. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 25, 1527-1529. 

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