Butea

Oaks and especially Quercus coccifera are host plants for Kermes ilicis, producing the red kermes pigment. In Asia, the Laccifer lacca insects that grow on trees like Schleichera oleosa, Ziziphus mauritiana, and Butea monsperma are the sources of the red lac dye. - ... 

Specimens of the pollen-feeding staphylinid beetle Eusphalerum minutum were found in cantharidin traps, which indicates that they are canthariphilous [121]. In addition, they contain small amounts of cantharidin 48, which is accompanied by palasonin 49. Palasonin has been previously only known from seeds and fruits of the Indian shrub Butea frondosa (Leguminaceae [122]). 

Defensive Compounds. Clerid beetles such as Trichodes apiarius were found to contain considerable amounts of cantharidin 48, accompanied by small to minute amounts of palasonin 49 [ 122,265]. Previously, the latter has been known only from seeds and fruits of the Indian shrub, Butea frondosa (Leguminaceae). It is suggested that these predatory beetles feed on cantharidin producing oede-merid and meloid beetles, see below. Several clerid species are canthariphilous [266,267],... 

While the Indian shrub Butea frondosa, contains (S)-(-)-palasonin of high enantiomeric purity, palasonin from Hycleus lunata shows a low ee with the (J )-(+)-enantiomer (20-50 ee) prevailing. Despite this difference between the insect-derived and the plant-produced product, an uptake of palasonin from hitherto unknown plant sources in the environment of Hycleus appears to be highly unlikely, however, palasonin may be produced by oxidative demethyla-tion of cantharidin [122]. 

Yadava RN, Tiwari L. (2007) New antifungal flavone glycoside from Butea monosperma O. Kuntze. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 22 497-500. 

Chokchaisiri R, Suaisom C, Sriphota S, Chindaduang A, Chuprajob T, Suksamram A. (2009) Bioactive flavonoids of the flowers of Butea monosperma. Chem Pharm Bull 57 428 32. 

Dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone 7-Rhamnoside Butea superba stems Leguminosae 166... 

Gossypetin 8-methyl ether 3-Xylosyl(l — 2)rhamnoside Butea superba stems Leguminosae 423... 

Prenylquercetin 7,4 -dimethyl ether 3-Rhamnosyl(l 4)rhamnoside Butea monosperma stems Leguminosae 476... 

Yadava, R.N. and Reddy, K.I.S., A novel flavone glycoside from the stems of Butea superba,... 

Yadava, R.N. and Singh, R.K., A novel flavonoid glycoside from Butea monosperma, J. Inst. Chem. (India), 70, 9, 1998. 

The host plants are, for example, Butea frondosa ROXB., Ficus religiosa L., Ziziphus jujuba MILL. 

Dalbergia odorifera, Robinia pseudoacacia, Viciafaba (Fabaceae) [wood] glycosides in Coreopsis douglasii, Bidens spp. (Asteraceae) [flower], Butea monosperma,... 

Fabaceae) glycosides in Coreopsis, Bidens (Asteraceae), Butea (Fabaceae) spp. 

From the seeds of Butea monosperma (Leguminaceae), the novel alkaloid monospermin (167) has been obtained (235). The structure of 167 was determined by spectroscopic methods. 

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