Bulk mineralogy

S> determination of bulk mineralogical composition by summation over all spots. 

The bulk mineralogy of the coal, also represented in Table III, is characterized by quartz, calcite, bassanite, kaolinite, and pyrite. Bassanite is probably a low-temperature ashing product of organic sulfur fixation with organically bound calcium (13). Pyrite content appears to increase with depth in the seam relative to calcite and kaolinite. 

A Panalytical X Pert PRO X-ray diffractometry system was used to determine bulk mineralogy. Samples were ground using a micronising mill along with added alumina (to act as an internal standard) to facilitate the later quantification of the diffraction data. 

Figure 1. General bulk mineralogical composition (%) for Dounreay Offshore and Foreshore sand...

Mineral data (relative concentations) are available for most samples from the CR-2 core (16) and the 01-A core (17). Bulk mineralogy was determined X-ray diffraction using nickel-filtered CuKmineral data are reported in X-ray diffraction peak intensities for the following minerals ... 

Table I Bulk mineralogy of Green River formation C a Tract, Mahogany Zone, oil shale in weight percent...

Eastern U.S. oil shales are also sedimentary rocks. However, in contrast to Green River shales, the mineral constituents of Eastern U.S. shales are primarily silicates, with only about 1 wt% carbonate minerals. The bulk mineralogical composition of the Kentucky shale consisted primarily of quartz, illite and kaoli-nite, with some chlorite and pyrite. This is consistent with elemental analysis data which found the major mineral constituents to be Si, Al, Fe, and K. The elemental Ca concentration was less than 100 ppm. 

Knudsen AC, Gunter ME (2002) Mineralogy of the Phosphoria Formation effects of weathering on bulk mineralogy and carbonate-fluorapatite substitution. In Life cycle of the Phosphoria Formation from deposition to the post-mining enviromnent. Hein IR (ed) Handbook of exploration geochemistry series (in press)... 

The mineralogical characteristics are also important. This includes knowledge of the bulk mineralogy, which defines the types of minerals present. Mineralogy also takes into account the location of mineral phases in and around the rock pore spaces and the natural fracture network, if present. 

An example of a carbonate formation is one in which 95% of the bulk mineralogy is calcium carbonate (CaCOj). The remaining 5% represents other sandstone minerals partially filling or lining natural fractures, the principal flow channels in need of stimulation. Acid injection in such a... 

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