Broussonetinines

The bioactive secondary metabolites reported from Broussonetia kazinoki can be classified into major two groups, alkaloids and flavonoids (Table 1), Fig. (1). The Kusano group at Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Japan reported over 20 pyrrolidine alkaloids, broussonetines A-H, K-M, O-T, V-X, and Mi, and broussonetinines A and B, four pyrrolidinyl piperidine alkaloids, broussonetines I, J, Ji, and J2, two pyrroline alkaloids, broussonetines U and U, and one pyrrolizidine alkaloid, broussonetine N, from hot water extracts of B. kazinoki [16-24]. As shown in Table 1, some of these alkaloids exhibited strong... 

Broussonetines with heterocyclic oxygen functionalization are G (23) and H (24) that have terminal spiroketal functionalities, whereas Z (25) has a dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring system encompassing C-5 to C-10. Broussonetines W (26, R = OH, R =H) and X (26, R = OH, R =glucose) have terminal cyclohexenone moieties, whereas in broussonetinine R (27), the same functionality is internal to the side chain. 

Two new trihydroxypyrrolidine alkaloids with an aromatic substituent, rather than an aliphatic side chain as in the broussonetinines, have been isolated from Lobelia chinensis (Campanulaceae). These alkaloids, named radica-mines A and B, were identified as 5-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)- and 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- derivatives of... 

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