Bronzing iron

The Bronze Age lasted until about 1200 b.c.e., when iron became the new metal of choice for the manufacture of objects. As with bronze, iron was probably produced accidentally in campfires long before it became widely popular. Iron ores occur commonly in nature, and they are reduced at relatively modest temperatures in reactions similar to those for copper and tin. For example ... 

Foam patterhs can be used for castings in brass,bronze,iron or aluminum alloy. Be sure to produce oversize patterns to compensate for the shrink rate of the metal being used.Melt and pour the metal in the normal manner.When cool,the completed casting is broken or dug out of the sand and finished as needed. 

Use Textile industry, photography (developers), coloring brasses, bronzes, iron control in soda ash production, synthetic flavors. 

Use Antimony salts, bronzing iron, mordant, manufacturing lakes, chlorinating agent in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, fireproofing textiles, analytical reagent. 

In Europe and the Middle East, the appearance of copper artifacts in the archaeological record is significant enough that the term Chalcolithic - or Copper Age -was added to the tripartite stone-bronze-iron age system. Other regions such as the upper peninsula of Michigan, which has an abundance of native copper, also recognize ancient Copper cultures (Fig. 3.7). Copper must have been an attractive and useful material to prehistoric peoples. The earliest examples of copper are in the form of pendants and jewelry. 

Guu-met al. A bronze Iron) which cannon iniiy be cast. tiiiUnarily 9 jKirts copjKT and 1 tin. Other niutids have. 1)een sonictiiiies added or substituted foi the till copfier still temaining the l>asis of the alloy,... 

USE Bronzing iron, especially guti barrels mordant for... 

Brasses and bronzes, iron-base alloys, nickel, monel, magnesium alloys, hard rubber, plastics, tin, aluminum, and like metals must be added to ordinary gray and white cast iron as materials for pump construction. Practically any alloy or modern metal can be fabricated into pumps, and it remains only for the chemical engineer to stipulate the kind of solution he wishes to handle, or the kind of metal, and the pump manufacturer will attempt to construct a pump for the service demanded. (See Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook, 3d ed., p. 1424.)... 

The oldest ceramic crafts (i.e., pottery) known are from roughly 10000 BC in Japan. Metallurgical crafts in Eurasia and Africa began to develop by trial and error around 4000-2500 BC resulting in the production of copper, bronze, iron, and steel tools. Other craft traditions in brewing, tanning, and dyeing led to many useful empirical ways to manipulate matter. 

HMIS Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses Semiconductor in solid-state devices organosilicon compounds silanes and silicones silicon carbide alloying agent in steels, aluminum, copper, bronze, iron cermets, refractories halogenated silanes deoxidizer in steel mfg. nutrient reducing agent pharmaceuticals (orals, topicals)... 

Uses Textiles photographic developers coloring brasses bronzes iron control in soda ash prod. froth flotation agent analytical reagent synthetic flavoring agent in foods and pharmaceuticals... 

Materials are essential to our life. It is hard to imagine how human civilization would have developed without stone, wood, clay, bronze, iron, brass, copper, and other kinds of stuff our tools and instmments are made of. Ohve oil and other vegetable oils, animal fats, wine and beer, honey and beeswax, juices and syrups, sea salt and rock salt, milk, and water have been used as food and medicines since prehistoric times. Materials are part and parcel of the material culture of human societies. Hence it is not surprising that they have served to demarcate large historical periods in human civilization, such as the Stone Age, Bronze Age, or Iron Age. Materials are even indispensable for the most accomplished forms of human hfe. There is no modern painting without canvas and pigments, no poem without paper and ink, no classical symphony without wood and metals to build the violin and the piano. 

Body bronze, iron, ductile iron, carbon steel, low-alloy steel, stainless steel. Monel, nickel alloys, PVC plastic... 

Antimony trichloride is used as a chlorinating agent in some synthesis reactions. It is used by the textile industry to impart fire retardancy. Antimony trichloride is also used in bronzing iron. 

---