Brodie method

The fluorescent lifetime of chlorophyll in vivo was first measured in 1957, independently by Brody and Rabinowitch (62) using pulse methods, and by Dmitrievskyand co-workers (63) using phase modulation methods. Because the measured quantum yield was lower than that predicted from the measured lifetime, it was concluded that much of the chlorophyll molecule was non-fluorescent, suggesting that energy transfer mechanisms were the means of moving absorbed energy to reactive parts of the molecule. 

Flexural strength is determined using beam-shaped specimens that are supported longways between two rollers. The load is then applied by either one or two rollers. These variants are called the three-point bend test and the four-point bend test, respectively. The stresses set up in the beam are complex and include compressive, shear and tensile forces. However, at the convex surface of the beam, where maximum tension exists, the material is in a state of pure tension (Berenbaum Brodie, 1959). The disadvantage of the method appears to be one of sensitivity to the condition of the surface, which is not surprising since the maximum tensile forces occur in the convex surface layer. 

Determination in Biological Fluids and Tissues All the advances in pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism described in Sections 7 and 8 would not have been possible without the availability of the proper analytical methods. The following is a tabulation of publications in this field, most of which have already been discussed in Section 5. It should be mentioned that a few publications talk about aspirin blood levels, but really mean salicylate levels. The following tabulation covers only those papers where aspirin was differentiated from other salicylates by chromatography or other means. It seems that the "workhorse" for serum salicylate levels is still the colorimetric (ferric-nitrate) method of Brodie, Udenfriend and Coburn153 published in 1944, or modifications thereof. Simplified versions (cf. 206) may lead to erroneous results under certain conditions.207 The method is also applicable for urinary metabolites after proper hydrolysis (cf. 208). For other methods restricted to salicylic acid, see Section 5.61. 

Figure 4.9 FTRS spectrum of mammalian ivory. Letters show regions of the spectrum which were quantified to discriminate between ivory from different species. Reprinted from Analytica Chimica Acta 427, Brody, R. H., Edwards, H. G. M., and Pollard, A. M., Chemometric methods applied to the differentiation of Fourier-transform Raman spectra of ivories , pp. 223-32, copyright 2001, with permission from Elsevier.

B22. Brodie, B. B., Basic principles in development of methods for drug assay. In Concepts in Biochemical Pharmacology (B. B. Brodie and J. R. Gillette, eds.). Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, Vol. 28, Part 2, pp. 1-8. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and New York, 1971. 

I. Butland, in K.W. Brodie (Editor) IMA Conf. on Mathematical Methods in Comp. Graphics and Design 79. Academic Press, Toronto, 1980. 

Tian H, Jaquins-Gerstl A, Munro N, Trucco M, Brody LC, Landers JP. Singlestrand conformation polymorphism analysis by capillary and microchip electrophoresis a fast, simple method for detection of common mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. Genomics 2000 63 25-34. 

The FPD is based on a German patent describing the emission obtained with phosphorus and sulfur compounds in a hydrogen-rich flame (64). Brody and Chaney developed this analytical method into a detector for gas chromatographic eflSuents (65) and predicted (correctly) its development in the years to come. Today, Tracor, Inc., markets it as Melpar flame photometric detector in single- and double-channel versions. 

Bl. Baechler, C., Bell, E. T., Borth, R., Brody, S., Carlstrom, G., Kerr, M. G., and Menzi, A., Comparison of two immunochemical and three biological methods for the assay of human chorionic gonadotrophin in serum. Acta Endocrinol. (Copenhagen) 61, 117-132 (1969). 

McCarthy TP, Brodie B, Milner JA, et al. 1981. Improved method for selenium determination in biological samples by gas chromatography. J Chromatogr 225 9-16. 

---