Bridges early failures

When all of these factors are considered, it becomes obvious why the potential problem of corrosion should be considered during the early design stages of any project, and why it is necessary to constantly monitor the integrity of structures, bridges, machinery, and equipment to prevent premature failures. 

Tschebotarioff (1973) reported several cases of unfavourable pile supported bridge abutment movement in USA as early as 1950s. Chin (1979) cited an interesting case of pile failure of a building due to nearby surcharge in Malaysia. Chan (1988) noted that it is not uncommon to observe bridge... 

The dentist believes in bridge-building - in the dental sphere but also in that of human relationships -, in evolutionary progress - the development of more efficient drills, for example - and in a universal health service which will render pohtics superfluous. Political action he regards as motivated by personal neuroses Starusch s desire to reform society stems from his failure to come to terms with the loss of Linde, Scherbaum s revolutionary zeal from an incident in early childhood when he saw his father naked. 

But when steel is cooled below the reference temperature, brittle fracture can occur. This phenomenon was partly responsible for the sudden collapse in winter of some early welded bridge designs and for the spectacular breakup of Liberty ships during World War II. A typical ship failure occurred on January 16,... 

The Shuttle Challenger disaster represents a real-world example in which an organization, NASA, allowed the bridge between systems engineering and safety that had existed throughout NASA s history, from Mercury to Gemini to Apollo and on to the early development of the shuttle, to collapse. The Safety Breakdown Theory in this case was the result of several biases that contributed to the failure. As described in Chapter 6, The Glismann Effect—in the form of Pressure bias. Feedback bias, and Availability bias—was obviously present ... 

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