Oligothiophenes bridged

For spirofluorenyl-bridged oligothiophenes, absorption and emission are bathochromically shifted with respect to the unbridged oligothiophenes 98 absorbs at 431 nm and emits at 484nm/511 nm, 99 absorbs at 472 nm and emits at 536 nm with a shoulder at 570 nm [126]. 

Roncali et al. [277] recently synthesized some macrocyclic oxyethylene-bridged oligothiophenes 2.184 and 2.185 in which oxyethylene groups were attached to the internal -position of both terminal thiophenes via a sulfide linkage (Chart 1.38). NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis of the macrocycles in the presence of metal ions (Ba +, Sr +, Pb +) revealed the formation of 1 1 complexes and resulted in conformational transitions in the ir-conjugated system. The absorption spectra of 2.184 showed small red shifts in the presence of metal cations, whereas no change was observed for 2.185. Furthermore, the cation binding abilities of these macrocycles and their influence on the electrochemical responses were also discussed. 

C. Edder and J. M. J. Fr6chet, Synthesis of bridged oligothiophenes toward a new class of thiophene-based electroactive surfactants, Org. Lett, 5, 1879-1882 (2003). 

J. Casado, T. M. Pappenfus, K. R. Mann, V. HernSndez and J. T. Ldpez Navarrete, Exploration of the electronic structure of dendiimer-like acetylene-bridged oligothiophenes by correlating Raman spectroscopy, electrochemistry and theory, J. Chem. Phys., 120, 11874-11881 (2004). 

M. C. Ruiz Delgado, J. T. Lopez Navarrete, G. Fuhrmann, P. Bauerle, Application of Raman spectroscopy and quantum chemistry for featuring the structure of positively charged species in macrocyclic 7r-conjugated diacetylene-bridged oligothiophenes, J. Raman Spectrosc., 35, 592-599 (2004). 

Ohshita J, Izumi Y, Kim DH, Kunai A, Kosuge T, Kunugi Y, Naka A, Ishikawa M (2(X)7) Applications of silicon-bridged oligothiophenes to organic FET materials. Oiganometallics 26 6150-6154... 

Since thiophenes are regarded as being good substructures for organic electronic materials, phosphorylthiophenes are taken as reference compounds for thiophene based materials [45] and phosphorylthiophenes such as 16 are employed as synthetic intermediates for phosphoryl substituted organic electronic materials such as oligothiophenes or thienylene bridged donors (Scheme 26) [46],... 

Oligothiophenes capped or bridged with different functionalities are reviewed within this section. Different synthetic methodologies towards oligothiophenes have been reviewed by Lukevics et al <03H663>. The number of thiophene repeat units within the oligomers prepared range from 2 to 6. 

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