Breeding regulation

Pea.nuts, The proteins of peanuts are low in lysine, threonine, cystine plus methionine, and tryptophan when compared to the amino acid requirements for children but meet the requirements for adults (see Table 3). Peanut flour can be used to increase the nutritive value of cereals such as cornmeal but further improvement is noted by the addition of lysine (71). The trypsin inhibitor content of raw peanuts is about one-fifth that of raw soybeans, but this concentration is sufficient to cause hypertrophy (enlargement) of the pancreas in rats. The inhibitors of peanuts are largely inactivated by moist heat treatment (48). As for cottonseed, peanuts are prone to contamination by aflatoxin. FDA regulations limit aflatoxin levels of peanuts and meals to 100 ppb for breeding beef catde, breeding swine, or poultry 200 ppb for finishing swine 300 ppb for finishing beef catde 20 ppb for immature animals and dairy animals and 20 ppb for humans. 

Enhanced Response of Plants to Previous Herbivory by Means of Classical Breeding Methods. Since plants within the same species may differ in their ability to produce and concentrate phytoalexins in response to stimuli, the idea is to identify such plants and use their regulating genes in classical breeding programs. 

According to IFOAM standards and EU regulations, breeding practices should respect the animals natural behaviour. Therefore, natural mating is preferred. Methods that depend on complex technologies should be avoided. Embryo transfer and cloning are prohibited. Hormones to induce ovulation and birth are prohibited unless for medical reasons, although AI is permitted. 

Legan, S.J., and F.J. Karsh. 1979. Neuroendocrine regulation of the oestrous cycle and seasonal breeding in the ewe. Biol Reprod 20 74. 

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