Breaking stress between

Bnich-kupfer, n. scrap copper, -last, /. breaking load, -metall, n. broken metal, scrap metal, -modul, m. modulus of rupture, -probe, /. breaking test, breakdown test, -punkt, m. breaking point, -riss, m. (Meial.) failure crack, -silber, n. broken silver, scrap silver, -spaonung,/. breaking stress tensile strength, -stein, m. quarry stone broken stone, -stelle,/. broken place, place of fracture. -strich, m. (Math.) fraction stroke (between numerator and denominator), -stiick, n. fragment shred, -stiicke, pi. debris scrap, -teil, m. fraction, -zahl, /. fractional number. 

Table 3. Breaking stresses for polypropylene with 30% of glass fibers in function of the angle between the fiber orientation and direction of load application [157]...

As a result of this additional work to create a surface over and above the thermodynamic surface energy assumed by Griffith, we need to rewrite his equation for the relationship between breaking stress and crack length. We modify equation (7.2) to ... 

Figure 1. N ature of the relation between time of loading and breaking stress for glass. This property is of a statistical nature, and the particular curve shown can only be taken as representative...

Fig. 3. Maximum stress am (Pa) as a function of time ts for plastisol II at y = const varied break times between experiments...

Fig. 4. Relative stress o/o as a function of time t for plastisol II at T = 20 °C, fixed break time between experiments (trel = 15 min), and varied shear rates...

Figure 7. Observed relationship between breaking stresses and free radicals. No the number of free radicals produced with no degradation N,-, same but with degradation

More pronounced anisotropy. The anisotropy meant implies that the forces keeping the material together vary with direction. Consider a fibrous material like muscle tissue. If it is put under tension in the direction of the fibers, and a small notch is made perpendicular to the fibers, hardly any stress concentration occurs. This is because the breaking stress in the direction of the fibers is quite high, whereas the fibers can easily be torn apart if the stress is perpendicular to their direction. Thus only a small fraction of the elastic energy applied to one fiber can be transmitted to other ones, and each fiber will have to break separately. The relation between [Pg.722]

The solid phase of bread crumb can be viewed as a composite material where amylose, amylopectin and protein form separated phases due to poor thermodynamic miscibility of the different polymers. Composites are characterized by exhibiting mechanical properties that cannot be achieved with the individual constituents alone, but are dependent on the interface between the components. A sharp interface as found between starch and protein provides strong evidence of little polymer interdiffusion and weak interfacial adhesion.14 The present results suggest that starch forms a continuous phase in bread which has also been confirmed with confocal scanning laser microscopy.15 The presence of a protein phase reduces the continuity of the starch phase and, thus, reduces the cohesion of the material as revealed by a comparison of the breaking stresses of aged flour and starch gels (data not shown).16... 

The break behavior of energy-elastic and entropy-elastic bodies is different. According to the break theory of Ingles for energy-elastic bodies, there is a relationship between the critical break stress (an)crit, the stress operating at the top of a crack ai i, the geometry of the crack, and the modulus of elasticity. In the simplest case of a crack of length L with a round tip of radius R, we have... 

The internal stresses can be equated to a long-period acting load [161]. They can cause spontaneous peel-off of the polymer and fracture of the adhesive-bonded joint [160—163], even at 15—50% of the instantaneous breaking stress. In this csise there is a linear dependence in semi-log coordinates between the lifetime of the joint and the internal stresses [164]. An analytical dependence has been proposed that relates the strength of the adhesive-bonded joint to the internal stresses in the adhesive layer [160],... 

These contradictions can to a considerable degree be resolved by a successfully chosen or properly developed theory of limiting stressed states, with the help of which it should be possible to find an explanation of the discrepancies between design, laboratory, and operating values of breaking stresses in adhesive joints. 

Average stiffness The ratio of change in stress to change in strain between two points on a stress-strain diagram, particularly the points of zero stress and breaking stress. Brown R (1999) Handbook of physical polymer testing, vol 50. Marcel Dekker, New York. 

Fig. 5. Relation between the breaking stress and the fast neutron fluence.

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