Brazil lithium

A study of drug intoxication in the south of Brazil reported 2938 cases of drug ingestion, 25 of which involved lithium (including 14 suicide attempts) (541). 

In 2008, the world s largest consumer of lithium minerals and compounds was the United States. The major producer of lithium chemicals worldwide was Chile. Other countries involved in lithium production included Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Portugal, the United States, and Zimbabwe. Specific information on U.S. production was not released in order to preserve trade secrets. 

The most important mineral for the industrial extraction of lithium is spodumene (LiAlSi206), which is found together with lepidolite, petalite and amblygonite (all with Li contents of 4 to 7%) and in salt lakes. The largest known reserves are in Chile (largest known deposit), Australia, USA and Canada. The main producer countries are the USA (North Carolina), Chile, Australia, Russia, Zimbabwe, Brazil and China. The worldwide reserves including the lithium content in salt lakes is estimated to be 7.3 10 t (as lithium), of which 60% is in salt lakes. 

Isooctyl thioglycolate Isopropyl thioglycolate Lithium hydroxide hair straightening agent Diammonium dithiodiglycolate hair treatment oils Brazil (Bertholetta excelsa) nut oil hair waves... 

Certain rare phosphate minerals such as Monazite, (Ce,Li,Th)P04 and Xenotime, YPO4, are important sources of rare earth elements which they frequently contain as impurities. Monazite, which is mined in Brazil, Travancore and Australia, is the most important commercial source of thorium (Chapter 3.5). One commercial source of lithium is Nalipoite, NaLi2P04, which is present in some natural brines. Phosphorite ore itself is a potentially valuable source of Uranium (Chapter 5). A few orthophosphate minerals are sometimes useful as gemstones (Table 5.23). 

Kenora, Ontario, and Emerald Field Resources Big Mack petalite deposit near Kenora, Canada and the now-closed Tin-Spodumene Belt of Foote and FMC in North Carolina, USA. There are large commercial deposits in China, Russia and Zaire (the latter with limited lithium production), and medium-sized ones in Brazil, Namibia, Portugal, Finland and Afghanistan (the latter two not yet mined in 2002 Sailer and O Driscoll, 2000). In the past, and a few at present, of the smaller deposits throughout the world have had limited mining, such as in Rwanda, South Africa and Europe. The major commercial lithium minerals in these deposits are described in the following section. 

Afgouni, K., and Silva Sa, J. H. (1978). Lithium Ores in Brazil. Energy 3(3), 247-253. Akhundzhanov, R. (1997). Rare Earth Leucogranite Subvolcanic Analogs from the Chatkal-Kurama Region, Central Tien-Shan. Uzbekistan Geol. J., Tashkent, 29-39. 

FMC Corp./Lithium Div., Seven LakePointe Plaza, 2801 Yorkmont Road, Suite 300, Charlotte, NC, 28208, USA (Tel 704-868-5300 888-LITHIUM FAX 704-868-5370 E-mail lithium info fmc.com Internet http //www,fmclithium.com) FMC Qurmica do Brasil Ltda, Galerla Plaza, Av. Dr. Jose Bonifacio, Coutinho Nogueira 150-1°A, Campinas, SP, 13091-611, Brazil (Tel 55-19-3735-4400 FAX 55-19-3735-4466)... 

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