Carboxylic acids, vinyl esters branched

Vinyl acetate is polymerized in aqueous emulsion and used widely in surface coating and in adhesives. Copolymerized with vinyl esters of branched carboxylic acids and small quantities of acrylic acid, it gives paint latices of excellent performance characteristics. G. C. Vegter found that a coagulum-free latex of very low residual monomer content can be produced from a mixture of an anionic and a nonionic emulsifier according to a specific operating procedure. The freeze/thaw stability of polymeric latices has been investigated by H. Naidus and R. Hanzes. 

Emulsion Copolymerization of Vinyl Esters of Branched Carboxylic Acids with Vinyl Acetate... 

Vinyl acetate is fairly water soluble and somewhat deficient in hydrolytic stability. The incorporation of a vinyl ester of the higher branched carboxylic acids into a copolymer system improves the resistance of the product to hydrolysis. Thus the latex formed in Preparation 5-10 has been used in formulating exterior paints. Copolymers of vinyl acetate with increasing concentrations of vinyl 2-ethylhexanoate (VEH) were prepared by a procedure similar to that of Preparation 5-10, except that the initiator system consisted of terf-butyl hydroperoxide and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and the buffer was sodium acetate. As the level of VEH increased, the hydrolytic stability of the copolymer increased significantly [169],... 

As noted in Section 6.5.2, the hydrolysis resistance of latex films from emulsion polymers prepared from the vinyl acetate (VA) monomer is marginal for ontdoor use. In Europe and recently in the United States, vinyl versatate (II) (Ri = —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 and R2 = R3 = —CH3) has been introduced for use along with vinyl acetate for improved outdoor performance of latex coatings. Vinyl versatate is the vinyl ester of versatic acid, a 10-carbon carboxylic acid of the highly branched structure sometimes called neo ... 

Commercial versions contain several isomers in which Ri, R2, and R3 are alkyl gronps of varying length but with a total of 8 carbon atoms. The mixed carboxylic acid precnrsors of these highly branched esters are collectively called neodecanoic acid [27], and the ester is then called vinyl neodecanoate (VN). The advantage of VA/VN copolymers over other VA copolymers is greater hydrolysis resistance and increased hydrophobicity [27]. These advantages are realized at relatively low cost. Developments such as this are likely to increase the rate of conversion to waterborne systems. 

Saturated fatty acids, such as myristic, palmitic, and stearic acid, have been used as the carboxylic acid component of vinyl esters [56]. In the hydroformylation with a heterogeneous Rh/C catalyst, mainly the branched aldehyde was observed, which in turn was converted into the corresponding alcohols (Scheme 6.97). 

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