Brain reward function

Garden City, NY, Medical Examination Publishing, 1981 Snyder SH, Faillace L 2,3-Dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine (STP) a new hallucinogenic drug. Science 1388 669-670, 1967 Spielewoy C, Markou A Withdrawal from chronic phencyclidine treatment induces long-lasting depression in brain reward function. Neuropsychopharmacology 28 1106-1116,2003... 

Epping-Jordan, M.P., Watkins, S.S., Koob, G.F., Markou, A. Dramatic decreases in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal. Nature. 393 76, 1998. 

In a series of studies, Markou and her colleagues have sought to identify drugs that ameliorate the changes in brain reward function evoked by nicotine withdrawal (see Kenny and Markon 2001 for review). This review snmmarises the evidence that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and, especially, 5-HTia receptors may play an important role in nicotine withdrawal, although the specific nature of the changes evoked... 

Kenny PJ, Gasparini F, Markou A (2003) Group 11 metabotropic and -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA)Zkainate glutamate receptors regulate the deficit in brain reward function associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 306 1068-... 

Bupropion enhances brain reward function and reverses the affective and somatic aspects of nicotine withdrawal in the rat. 

Bruijnzeel AW, Zislis G, Wilson C, Gold MS (2007) Antagonism of CRF receptors prevents the deficit in brain reward function associated with precipitated nicotine withdrawal in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 32 955-963... 

Costall B, Jones BJ, Kelly ME, Naylor RJ, Onaivi ES, Tyers MB (1990b) Sites of action of ondansetron to inhibit withdrawal from drugs of abuse. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 36 97-104 Cryan JF, Bruijnzeel AW, Skjei KL, Markou A (2003) Bupropion enhances brain reward function and reverses the affective and somatic aspects of nicotine withdrawal in the rat. Psychopharmacology 168 347-358... 

If, as predicted by the reward deficiency syndrome hypothesis, individuals with vulnerability to addictions suffer from a basal functional DA deficit in central brain reward circuits, it would not be unreasonable to inquire about the possible existence of temperamental or behavioral compensations that might serve to augment brain reward functions. Although this leap from neurogenetics and cellular neurobiology to temperament and personality characteristics may seem enormous, evidence has accumulated in recent years to suggest that such correlations may well exist. 

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