Boyle-Mariotte’s law

Boyle-Mariotte s Law, states that the product of volume and pressure is constant, pv=k, at const temp. Another gas law states that the vol of a gas at 0°C increases with each °C by 1/273, provided the pressure is constant, and that the pressure increases with each °C, provided the volume remains constant. This law is known as Charles1 Law, because it was formulated by French chemist Jacques Charles (1746-1822) (Ref 1, p 186-R). The so-called Dalton s Law, formulated by John Dalton (1766—1844), Engl chemist physicist, founder of atomic theory, states that the pressure of a gas mixture equals the sum of the partial pressures of the constituent gases (Ref 1, p 252-R). The so-called Gay-Lussoc s Law states that when gases interact, the volumes of the reacting gases and the volume of the reaction product are in simple, proportions and can be expressed by whole numbers. This law was formulated by a French chemist and physicist Gay-Lussac(qv) Refs 1) Hackh s Diet (1944), pp 89-R, 141-R,... 

Boyle-Mariotte s Law Robert Boyle investigated the pressure dependent changes in the volume of gases when temperature is kept constant. We want to model this investigation using a demonstration experiment (Experiment 10.1). 

In 1664 and 1676, Robert Boyle and Edme Mariotte, independently found (and also we found in our experiment) The volume of a given amount of gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to its pressure (Boyle-Mariotte s law) ... 

Experiment 10.1 Boyle-Mariotte s law Starting with the lowest weight, different weights are placed successively upon a piston of a cylinder made of acrylic glass. If the cross section of the piston equals 1.8 cm the pressure increases a factor of 2,4, 10 due to the weights stacked upon each other, and the volume decreases to... 

Fig. 10.1 Isotherms of a gas obeying Boyle-Mariotte s law, for two different temperatures (Ti>To).

Edme Mariotte (1620-1684), a French physicist and priest, discovered Boyle s law independently of Boyle in 1676, so the law is also known as Boyle-Mariotte s law. In 1660, Mariotte also discovered the eye s blind spot. He worked on many subjects, such as the motion of fluids, the nature of color, the notes of the trumpet, the barometer, the fall of bodies, and the freezing of water. 

A perfect" gas is one which closely conforms id the simple gas laws" of expansion and contraction, such as Boyle s Law, formulated in England by The Hon Robert Boyle (1627-169D (Ref 1, p 141-R) and called in France Mariotte s Law, because it was formulated independently from Boyle by Edme Mariotte (1629-1684) (Ref 1, p 515-L). This law, called in Germany and Russia... 

Edme Mariotte, a French scientist, investigated the pressure-volume relationship of gases independently of Boyle. He did not publish his work until 1676, fourteen years after Boyle had. In many European countries, the mathematical relationship between gas pressure and volume is known as Mariotte s Law. 

Or Mariotte s law, as they say in France. The Frenchman E. Mariotte discovered the same relation, independently of Boyle, and even noted that it was only valid if the temperature remained constant. 

Boylo s law The volume (V) of a given mass of gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to its pressure (p), i.e. pV= constant. This is true only for an "ideal gas. This law was discovered in 1662 by Robert Boyle. On the continent of Europe it is known as Mariotte s law after E. Marlotte (1620-84), who discovered it Independently in 1676. See also gas laws. 

This shows that, in dilute solution, the surfactant behaves like an ideal gas in two dimensions, since it has the same form as of the ideal gas law in three dimensions (pV = nRT, Boyle-Mariott s rule). We note here that one needs extremely small surface concentrations to get this ideal-gas type behavior, and generally the surface pressure in this range is much smaller than one can actually measure. 

Ideal or perfect gases obey Boyle s law at all temperatures. This fact was established by Boyle and Mariotte in 1662. According to this law, the product of P and V is constant for a given mass of gas at a constant temperature, where P is the pressure of the gas and V is its volume. 

Boyle did not specify that temperature must be held constant if Boyle s law is to be valid. Probably he realized this and supposed it would be taken for granted. The French physicist Edme Mariotte (1630-1684), who discovered Boyle s law independently,... 

Amedeo Carlo Avogadro (1776-1856) was an Italian chemist, most noted for his contributions to the theory of molarity and molecular weight. In 1811, he declared the hypothesis of what we now call Avogadro s law Equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules. Hence, the gas laws of Boyle, Mariotte and Cay-Lussac in combination with Avogadro s Law can be generalized by the ideal gas law. The Avogadro constant Na, that is, the number of molecules in one mol is 6.022 x 10 mol is named in his honor. The numerical value of /Va was first estimated in 1865 by Johann Josef Loschmidt (1821-1895), an Austrian scientist. 

Daniel Bernoulli (1700-1782) A Dutch-born mathematician who spent much of his life in Basel, Switzerland, where he worked on applications of mathematics to mechanics. He was a contemporary and intimate friend of Leonhard Euler. His main work is Hydrodynamique (1738), where he introduced the principle of conservation of energy. Bernoulli s principle states that the pressure in a fluid decreases as the speed of the fluid increases. Bernoulli was the first to formulate a kinetic theory of gases, and he applied this idea to explain the law of Boyle and Mariotte (Section 3.1.1). 

---