Boron-carbon-titanium system

Aluminum, boron, carbon, iron, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur and titanium are the common impurities in the SoG-Si feedstock. Arsenic and antimony are frequently used as doping agents. Transition metals (Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, and Zr), alkali and alkali-earth impurities (Li, Mg, and Na), as well as Bi, Ga, Ge, In, Pb, Sn, Te, and Zn may appear in the SoG-Si feedstock. A thermochemical database that covers these elements has recently been developed at SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, which has been designed for use within the composition space associated with the SoG-Si materials. All the binary and several critical ternary subsystems have been assessed and calculated results have been validated with the reliable experimental data in the literature. The database can be regarded as the state-of-art equilibrium relations in the Si-based multicomponent system. 

MMCs are usually reinforced by either monofilaments, discontinuous fibers, whiskers, particulates, or wires. With the exception of wires, which are metals, reinforcements are generally made of advanced ceramics such as boron, carbon, alumina and silicon carbide. The metal wires used are made of tungsten, beryllium, titanium, and molybdenum. Currently, the most important wire reinforcements are tungsten wire in superalloys and superconducting materials incorporating niobium-titanium and niobium-tin in a copper matrix. The most important MMC systems are presented in Table 18.5. 

Reaction conditions that involve other enolate derivatives as nucleophiles have been developed, including boron enolates and enolates with titanium, tin, or zirconium as the metal. These systems are discussed in detail in the sections that follow, and in Section 2.1.2.5, we discuss reactions that involve covalent enolate equivalents, particularly silyl enol ethers. Scheme 2.1 illustrates some of the procedures that have been developed. A variety of carbon nucleophiles are represented in Scheme 2.1, including lithium and boron enolates, as well as titanium and tin derivatives, but in... 

As discussed above, thermobaric weapons contain monopropellants or secondary explosives and energetic particles. Boron, aluminum, silicon, titanium, magnesium, zirconium and carbon can be considered to be energetic particles. The main advantage of thermobaric systems is that they release large quantities of heat and pressure, often in amounts larger than for only secondary explosives. 

Rogachev, A. S., Mukasyan, A. S., and Merzhanov, A. G., Structural transitions in the gasless combustion of titanium-carbon and titanium boron systems. Dokl. Phys. Chem., 1S1, 1240 (1987). 

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