Blow case

Air-displacement systems air lifts, acid eggs or blow cases, jet pumps, barometric legs... 

Adi eggs or blow cases are simply closed vessels with inlet and outlet lines and an air connection. Air is admitted to the vessel and forces the liquid out through the discharge line. Operation of acid eggs is intermittent, and the elevation attained depends on the air pressure. Although these systems are inexpensive and easy to operate, they are inefficient. Their use is limited primarily to batchwise operations with corrosive fluids. 

For a chronological list of whistle-blowing cases, some of which involved qui tam actions under the False Claims Act, see http //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of whistleblowers See Case 13, p. 267. 

Figure 5.9 Extraction vessel described in European Patent Application 0331 852 A2 for continuous extraction of green coffee beans with compressed CO2. Compressed CO2 enters at 6 and leaves at 4. 2 and 8 are blow cases (see text).

Chamber lock systems (Table 8.5) belong to the first category. An example of a stationary chamber lock system is provided by the blow cases described in section 5.4.4 and illustrated in Figure 5.9. 

As in the fiber-spinning section, we first gain extensive understanding of the film blowing process by analyzing the simplest case, that of the isothermal Newtonian film blowing case. Then, we discuss some points about the nonisothermal film blowing for Newtonian and viscoelastic materials. The stability analysis of this process is introduced, and some overall remarks are presented at the end of this section. 

If the chemical is injected by gravity feed or from a pressure feed tank, the rate of feed can be controlled with a valve and no metering deface is necessary. If blow cases or eductors are used, the chemical must be measured as it is added. The most common method of metering is by orifice meters. Morrell and Bergman present orifice meter charts. The treater often estimates the material handled by a blow case by noting the time and the pressure during the admission of chemical. 

One refiner uses this amount for each 1,000 bbl of capacity. The slurry is prepared in a mix pot or blow case near the reactor. The clay is poured directly from kraft paper bags into a blow case, followed by the cupric chloride and then water. The volume of air required by the process is about 0.5 cu ft per bbl of raw distillate for each 0.01 weight per cent of mercaptan sulfur. The process is suitable for most straight-run and cracked gasolines up to a mercaptan content of 0.04 per cent. 

---