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Blood Agents Cyanogens

Blood agents are common industrial chemicals that have been used on the battlefield to produce casualties. Two primary types of blood agents used by the military are hydrogen cyanide (AC) and cyanogen chloride (CK). Poisonous effects of cyanide have been well known since ancient times. Cyanide was the first blood agent used as a chemical warfare agent. Cyanides are salts with the metals potassium, sodium, and calcium most commonly used to form the compounds. The term blood agent  [Pg.307]

Cyanogen chloride becomes volatile as temperatures increase, and the DOT lists it as a 2.3 poison gas. The NEPA 704 designation for CK is estimated to be health 4, flammability 0, reactivity 2, and special -0. Cyanogen chloride vapors are highly toxic. It has a 4-digit UN identification number of 1589 (inhibited). Treatment for either AC or CK poisoning is to follow the treatment protocols for Airway, Breathing, [Pg.309]

Williams, Kenneth E. Detailed Facts About Blood Agent Cyanogen Chloride (CK). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, 1996. [Pg.246]

ALARA As low as reasonably achievable BAL British Anti-Lewisite CIA Central Intelligence Organization CK Cyanogen chloride (blood agent)... [Pg.19]

Figure A.50 Cyanogen blood agent, extreme poison. Figure A.50 Cyanogen blood agent, extreme poison.
Classified as a blood agent, cyanide is usually deployed as hydrogen cyanide and cyanogen chloride. Considerable literature exists on the effects of cyanide (Meredith et al, 1993 Suzuki, 1968 Vick and Froehlich, 1985 Baskin eta/., 2009). Cyanide binds irreversibly to its target sites. In the human host it preferentially accumulates in the hypothalamus and neural tissue. Its concentration in red blood cells is much greater than in plasma. Lethal dose is of the order of 1 mg/kg or inhalation of 50 ml of hydrogen cyanide gas. [Pg.501]

Blood agents hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride... [Pg.120]

Blood Agents Cyanide (Hydrogen Cyanide, Cyanogen Chloride, Sodium Cyanide, Potassium Cyanide)... [Pg.139]

Blood agents Also known as cyanogens, they include arsine (SA), cyanogen chloride (CK), and hydrogen chloride (AC), and are transported in the bloodstream through the body. Blood agents do not typically affect the blood but may interrupt the production of blood components and cause toxic effect at the cellular level. [Pg.250]

CW blood agents are hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid, military designation AC) and cyanogen... [Pg.659]

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