Blending assessment

Xavier Xavier, and Bose Suryasarathi. Multiwalled-carbon-nanotube-induced miscibility in near-critical PS/PVME blends Assessment through concentration fluctuations and segmental relaxation. J. Phys. Chem. B. 117 no. 28 (2013) 8633-8646. 

Thermal Fixation Properties of Disperse Dyes on Polyester—Gotton. This method assesses the fixation properties of disperse dyes as a function of the time, temperature, dyestuff concentration, or presence and amount of auxiUary agents. The polyester—cotton fabric is padded and dried, the cotton dissolved in sulfuric acid and washed out of the blend, and the amount of dye on the polyester component assessed by either reflectance or measuring the optical density of a solution of dye obtained by extracting the dye with boiling chloroben2ene solvent. 

You may not find observing the process gain matrix satisfactory. That takes us to the relative gain array (RGA), which can provide for a more quantitative assessment of the effect of changing a manipulated variable on different controlled variables. We start with the blending problem before coming back to the general definition. 

Ehase Inversion Temperatures It was possible to determine the Phase Inversion Temperature (PIT) for the system under study by reference to the conductivity/temperature profile obtained (Figure 2). Rapid declines were indicative of phase preference changes and mid-points were conveniently identified as the inversion point. The alkane series tended to yield PIT values within several degrees of each other but the estimation of the PIT for toluene occasionally proved difficult. Mole fraction mixing rules were employed to assist in the prediction of such PIT values. Toluene/decane blends were evaluated routinely for convenience, as shown in Figure 3. The construction of PIT/EACN profiles has yielded linear relationships, as did the mole fraction oil blends (Figures 4 and 5). The compilation and assessment of all experimental data enabled the significant parameters, attributable to such surfactant formulations, to be tabulated as in Table II. 

The use of the solubility envelope, together with the volumetric additivity rule for calculating solubility parameters of solvent blend and the solvent evaporation model described previously, allows an approximate assessment whether phase separation will take place or not during solvent evaporation. 

Rogers, J. W., Proc. 8th Int. Pyrotech. Seminar, 1982, 556-573 Pyrotechnic properties of blends with 20% boron were studied [1], and the performance of several other blends has been assessed [2],... 

The unique appearance of an infrared spectrum has resulted in the extensive use of infrared spectrometry to characterize such materials as natural products, polymers, detergents, lubricants, fats and resins. It is of particular value to the petroleum and polymer industries, to drug manufacturers and to producers of organic chemicals. Quantitative applications include the quality control of additives in fuel and lubricant blends and to assess the extent of chemical changes in various products due to ageing and use. Non-dispersive infrared analysers are used to monitor gas streams in industrial processes and atmospheric pollution. The instruments are generally portable and robust, consisting only of a radiation source, reference and sample cells and a detector filled with the gas which is to be monitored. 

L.R. Waterland, S. Venkatesh, S. Unnasch, Safety and Performance Assessment of Ethanol/ Diesel Blends (E- Diesel), NREL Report SR-540-34817 Sept,... 

R.C. Lyon, D.S. Lester, E.N. Lewis, E. Lee, L.X. Yu, E.H. Jefferson and A. S., Hussain, Near-infrared spectral imaging for quality assurance of pharmaceutical products analysis of tablets to assess powder blend homogeneity, AAPS Pharm. Sci. Tech., 3(3), 1-15 (2002). 

Given that NIRS is a rapid, nondestructive technique and that most pharmaceutical blend constituents absorb in the NIR, it has been applied off-line to assess blend homogeneity. In the mid-1990s scientists at Pfizer utilized on-line NIRS to successfully characterize powder blending. ... 

The assay microorganisms in Polytox are a blend of bacterial strains originally isolated from wastewater [48]. The Polytox kit (Microbiotest Inc., Nazareth, Belgium), specifically designed to assess the effect of toxic chemicals on biological waste treatment, is based on the reduction of respiratory activity of rehydrated cultures in the presence of toxicants. The commercially available kit is specihcally designed for testing wastewaters. Quantative results can be obtained in just 30 minutes. 

---