Bismuth donor ligands

Complexes with phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, or bismuth donor ligands 942... 

S. D. Robinson Transition metal complexes containing phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth donor ligands. 

Phosphorous, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth Donor Ligands 260... 

The chemistry of bismuth with macrocyclic N-donor ligands is not extensive but some reports have appeared. Bismuth octaethylporphyrin nitrate, bismuth tetratolylporphyrin nitrate and [bismuth(cyclen)(H20)](C104)3 (cyclen = 1, 4,7,10-tetrazacyclododecane) have been prepared, as has the tetrakis(cmnylphenoxy)phthalocyaninebismuth. " Reaction of 1,2-dicyanobenzene with bismuth and I2 at 200 °C yielded mixed valent [Bi(phthalocyanine)2]Ii.5 in which there are columnar stacks of [Bi(phthalocyanine)2] and linear chains of iodine atoms. A similar reaction between Bi2Se3 and 1,2-dicyanobenzene yielded the triple-decker Bi2 (phthalocyanine)3. ... 

Bismuth occurs in nature as Bi203 and as bismuth sulfide ores. This reflects the fact that Bi(ni) is an intermediate acid in the Pearson s classification of hard and soft acids-bases (see Hard Soft Acids and Bases). Interestingly, over-the-counter dmg formulations involve primarily oxygen-donor ligands snch as salicylate, citrate, and nitrate, while in vivo reactions... 

In addition to the general reviews cited in Section 3.6.1, there is a detailed review by Briand and Burford " which describes bismuth complexes of groups 15 and 16 donor ligands. In contrast to antimony, there is very little coordination chemistry of bismuth in the V oxidation state, compounds being limited to fluoroanions and a few organobismuth species. 

Mansfeld and coworkers [127] described the synthesis and characterization of the one-to-one complexes of the bismuth trihalides BiXs (X= Cl, Br, I) with the chelating oxygen-coordinating-donor ligand (iso-PrO)2(0)PCH2P(0)(Oiso-Pr)2. The compounds were analyzed by single crystal XRD, IR, thermal analysis, NMR, ESI MS and conductivity measurements. The combination of these techniques gives a frill description of the structures in the solid state and in solution, and provides information about the use of phosphonic ester complexes as precursors for the formation of bismuth phosphonates. 

Although trialkyl- and triarylbismuthines are much weaker donors than the corresponding phosphoms, arsenic, and antimony compounds, they have nevertheless been employed to a considerable extent as ligands in transition metal complexes. The metals coordinated to the bismuth in these complexes include chromium (72—77), cobalt (78,79), iridium (80), iron (77,81,82), manganese (83,84), molybdenum (72,75—77,85—89), nickel (75,79,90,91), niobium (92), rhodium (93,94), silver (95—97), tungsten (72,75—77,87,89), uranium (98), and vanadium (99). The coordination compounds formed from tertiary bismuthines are less stable than those formed from tertiary phosphines, arsines, or stibines. 

Coordination Complexes of Bismuth(III) Involving Organic Ligands with Pnictogen or Chalcogen Donors Glen G. Briand and Neil Burford... 

COORDINATION COMPLEXES OF BISMUTH(III) INVOLVING ORGANIC LIGANDS WITH PNICTOGEN OR CHALCOGEN DONORS... 

Chart 3. Sulfur donor derivatives used as ligands on bismuth. 

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