Bisethylenediamine copper

The use of bisethylenediamine copper (II) hydroxide solutions to effect solution of cotton has been practiced for many years and is still industrially practiced on a small scale as a method of regeneration of cotton. Copper-amine solutions were utilized for this study for a number of reasons including a. as noted above, an abundance of prior knowledge exists concerning the technique b. it allows fairly good solution of the cotton c. it was found, early in our work, to allow the execution of the types of modification desired and d. it is easily handled and can be utilized on the gram as well as ton scale. Further purity of modified material, i.e. effectiveness of removal of unreacted, etc. material is easily followed through analysis of the copper present in the modified material. 

Reaction conditions Aqueous solutions of cotton (0.100 g 0.62 moles) with bisethylenediamine copper (II) hydroxide to give 25 ml solution are added to rapidly stirred (about 20,500 rpm no load) carbon tetrachloride (25 ml) solutions containing the organotin halide at about 25°C, 30 secs stirring time. 

Cellulose can be modified with organostannane chlorides, such as dibutyl or triphenyl derivatives [91,92], or with organotin halides in the presence of bisethylenediamine copper(II) hydroxide [93]. Epoxy-activated cellulose was prepared by reacting cellulose acetate fibers with sodium methoxide, followed by reacting it with epichlorohydrin in DMSO. This epoxy-activated cellulose has proved to be a useful intermediate to react with substances containing active hydrogen, such as amine, amino acid, or carboxylic acids [94], as shown in Fig. 3. Epoxidized cellulose has also been converted to a thiol derivative via reduction of a thiosulfate intermediate [95], and sulfoethylcellu-[ose has been obtained from sodium chloroethanesulfonate [96]. Cellulose... 

It is of interest to compare results derived from utilizing the classical aqueous interfacial (CAIS) with those derived from utilizing the bisethylenediamine copper (BEDC) system reported in references 9 and 17. The yield of modified product is higher for the CAIS systems but the general overall yield trend as the stan-nane is varied is similar, indicating that the overall reaction pathways are similar for the two systems (yield trends CAIS -triphenyl >dioctyl >dibutyl > diphenyl > dimethyl BEDC-triphenyl > dioctyl > dimethyl > dibutyl > diphenyl). These trends have been established over only a narrow set of reaction conditions and should be more fully developed before acceptance as overall yield trends. 

Modification of dextran through condensation with organo-stannane halides was studied as a function of a variety of low temperature condensation systems. Modification was general for the classical interfacial and bisethylenediamine copper-inter-... 

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