Bisdesmosides

Yoshikawa M, Murakami T, Kishi A, et al. Novel indole S,0-bisdesmoside, calantho-side, the precursor glycoside of tryptanthrin, indirubin, and isatin, with increasing skin blood flow promoting effects, from two Calanthe species (Orchidaceae). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1998 46 886-888. 

The information that the hydroxy group at C-29 reduced activity was similar to that on the structure-hepatoprotective relationship. In contrast, the sugar moiety in the E-ring enhanced anti-complementary activity. Further, we tested some oleanolic acid-type glucuronic acids. Although bisdesmosidic saponins showed moderate anti-complementary activity, a monodesmosidic saponin (9 4) showed cyototoxicity. 

Bisdesmosidic triterpene saponins were isolated from the aquatic plant Ranunculus fluitans L. (Ranunculaceae) in the Rhine river. The saponin structures were established by the identification of the aglycon and sugar moieties by HPLC and chiral capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), ion-spray LC/MS, and extensive 1-D and 2-D homonu-clear and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. 

Nakano K, Nohara T, Tomimatsu T, Kawasaki T (1982) A Novel 18-Norspirostanol Bisdesmoside from Trillium tschonoskii. J Chem Soc Chem Comm 789... 

Mimaki Y, Kuroda M, Yokosuka A, Sashida Y (1998) Two New Bisdesmosidic Steroidal Saponins from the Underground Parts of Ruscus aculeatus. Chem Pharm Bull 46 879... 

The complex mixture of bisdesmosidic triterpene saponins, derived from gypsogenin (quillaic acid), of the extracts 1-3 reveals major dark-brown bands in the R, range 0.05-0.15 four to eight minor brown or violet zones are found in the R,- range 0.2-0.75 ( A), All zones are more easily characterized by their hemolytic reactions (—>B). 

The bisdesmosidic tritcrpene glycosides of oleanolic and 28-hydroxy-oleanolic acids, such as hederacoside B and C, are found as dark grey-blue zones in the lower R, range... 

In 1995, Liu et al. reported the isolation of three new saponins from the roots of G. oldhamiana [78], which has been used as a substitute for the well-known traditional Chinese medicinal herb Sterllaria dichotoma var. lanceo-lata in the treatment of fever, consumptive disease, and infantile malnutrition. The most polar saponin was a bisdesmoside and its structure was established as shown in Fig. (26). The other two saponins were monodesmosides derived from C-28 methyl esters of quillaic acid and gypsogenin and having identical sugar moieties at C-3. 

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