Biotinylated nucleic acid development

Elegant and efficient subtractive hybridization procedures have been developed from the original procedure described by Sive and St John (1988) and Duguid et al. (1988) in which driver cDNA is photobi-otinylated, allowed to react with the (-I-) DNA and the hybrids then eliminated with streptavidin agarose, Schweinfest et al. (1990) used the lambda ZAP II phage vector system to produce by in vivo excision a large amount of DNA for biotinylation. Recent methods take advantage of the property of biotinylated nucleic acids... 

Much of the nontarget nucleic acid can be excluded by a sequence-specific preprocessing step, of which many are under development. The most common example of this protocol is sequence recognition by a biotinylated probe, followed by separation by interaction between the biotin and a streptavidin-labeled matrix. This procedure has been used for microRNA [83], mRNA [84,85], and ssDNA enrichment from total nucleic acid samples [86,87]. Other unique systems include the use of gold nanoparticles for SNP detection [88], and superparamagnetic particles coupled to a PCR-ELISA detection modality for hepatitis C virus cDNA detection [89] or environmental DNA sample cleanup [90]. 

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