Biomass classification

Biomass Classification Generation Potential yield References... 

Processes and/or unit operations that fall under this classification include adsorption, ion exchange, stripping, chemical oxidation, and membrane separations. All of these are more expensive than biological treatment but are used for removal of pollutants that are not easily removed by biomass. Often these are utilized in series with biologic treatment but sometimes they are used as stand-alone processes. 

The microorganisms determined as active biomass constitute a central platform for description of the processes in a sewer. Classification of the microorganisms will, however, not be dealt with as a major subject in this context. But, it is especially important to determine under which redox conditions the microorganisms are active. 

Biomass and substrate must be separately described to establish a concept for classification of wastewater directed toward a description of the microbial processes. For several reasons, e.g., to allow widespread application and to observe a basic mass balance, the organic matter expressed in terms of COD is a central parameter for wastewater quality. According to the concepts used in the active sludge models, the classification of wastewater in a sewer network can also be subdivided as outlined in Figure 3.1 (Henze et al., 1987, 1995a, 2000). A direct interaction between sewer and treatment plant processes is therefore within reach. 

Appendix B includes a review and a classification of conversion concepts. It also investigates the potentials to develop an all-round bed model or CFSD code simulating the conversion system. This review also contains a great deal of information on the heat and mass transport phenomena taking place inside a packed bed in the context of PBC of biomass. The phenomena include conversion regimes, pyrolysis chemistry, char combustion chemistry, and wood fuel chemistry. The main conclusions from this review are ... 

This appendix consists of two parts, (a) a conceptual classification and review of the conversion system and (b) a review of conceptual models applied to the heat and mass transport of the thermochemical conversion of biomass. Both these parts are analysed in the context of PBC and the three-step model. Mathematical modelling is outside the scope of this survey. 

Terrestrial biomass is of course dependent on a non renewable resource - the soil - for mechanical support and the supply and transport of nutrients to the growing plant. The Canadian total land area of 996,6991000 ha has the following land classification (4). 

When classifying biomass for purposes of generating energy, it is common to do this based on its source. The following classification is generally used [16] ... 

Weyers, A. and Vollmer, G. (2000) Algal growth inhibition effect of the choice of growth rate or biomass as endpoint on the classification and labelling of new substances notified in the EU, Chemosphere 41 (7), 1007-1010. 

The measure of mass is important with respect to calculating mass balance. However, the elemental composition of biomass is normally ill defined. Another reason for determining biomass is the need for a reference when calculating specific rates (q ) q = r /x. An ideal measure for the biocatalysts in a bioreaction system of interest would be their activity, physiological state, morphology or other classification rather than just their mass. Unfortunately, these are even more difficult to quantify objectively and this is obviously why the biomass concentration is still of the greatest interest. 

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