Biological cell behavior

The influence of electrical charges on surfaces is very important to their physical chemistry. The Coulombic interaction between charged colloids is responsible for a myriad of behaviors from the formation of opals to the stability of biological cells. Although this is a broad subject involving both practical application and fundamental physics and chemistry, we must limit our discussion to those areas having direct implications for surface science. 

Polyelectrolyte block copolymers combine structural features of polyelectrolytes, block copolymers, and surfactants. It is thus not surprising that they possess quite unusual and unique properties which make them a fascinating and challenging subject for researchers. Many of these properties are taken advantage of in technological applications and play an important role in physico-chemical properties of biological cell structures. This has motivated a comprehensive investigation so that today a much clearer picture of the behavior of polyelectrolyte block copolymers has developed. 

When computing cell behavior, the phenotypes obtained from each round of simulation have continuously to be evaluated and the set conditions improved. The computational procedure usually goes on through several rounds of simulation, verification of the reliability of the phenotypes obtained in silico, constraining of more parameters, and new computation, until satisfactory, biologically-meaningful results are obtained. 

Generative models can provide a high-resolution map for protein location. The availability of these maps should aid systems biology modeling of cell behavior. 

The optical tweezers technique has been a powerful tool for biological application. We believe that precise control of the cellular microenvironment and single-cell analysis provide opportunities to predict the effects of external stimuli including cell-cell, cell-ECM and cell-soluble factor interaction on the cell behavior and fate, which are link to revealing the internal cellular signaling system. There still exists a broad distribution of cell responses even by single-cell analysis. Researchers need to improve and develop the technique to one utilizable for a precise analysis. The... 

A. C. Rapraeger The coordinated regulation of heparan sulfate, syn-decans and cell behavior. Current Opinion in Cell Biology 5 844 (1993). 

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