Bioaccumulation systems

Water Quality Guidance for the Great Lakes System—Pollutants that are bioaccumulative... 

The criteria listed in Section 4.3.1 were applied to the selection of biological indicators to ensure their relevance and utility for assessing trends in the bioaccumulation of MeHg associated with altered loadings of mercmy to aquatic systems. This evaluation, based largely on the discussion in Section 4.3.2, is summarized in Table 4.1. 

Bodaly RA, St. Louis VL, Paterson MJ, Fudge RJP, Hall BD, Rosenberg DM, Rudd JWM. 1997. Bioaccumulation of mercury in the aquatic food chain in newly flooded areas. In Sigel A, Sigel H, editors, Metal ions in biological systems, Vol. 34 Mercury and its effects on environment and biology. New York (NY) Marcel Dekker Inc., p. 259-287. 

Chojnacka, K., Biosorption and bioaccumulation of microelements by Riccia fluitans in single and multi-metal system, Bioresource Technology, 98 (15), 2919-2925, 2007. 

Owens, J.W., S.M. Swanson, and D.A. Birkholz. 1994. Bioaccumulation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-/>-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran and extractable organic chlorine at a bleached-kraft mill site in a northern Canadian river system. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 13 343-354. 

System 20. aquatic plants—bentos, plankton, coastal aquatic plants (XII) aquatic animals including bottom sediment invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, mammals, vertebrates, their biological reactions and endemic diseases (VIII) aerosols, atmospheric air (31, 32)—foodstuffs, forages (XV). Human poisoning through consumption of fish and other aquatic foodstuffs with excessive bioaccumulation of pollutants is the most typical example of biogeochemical migration and its consequences. 

The octanol-water partition coefficient, Kow, is the most widely used descriptor of hydrophobicity in quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR), which are used to describe sorption to organic matter, soil, and sediments [15], bioaccumulation [104], and toxicity [105 107J. Octanol is an amphiphilic bulk solvent with a molar volume of 0.12 dm3 mol when saturated with water. In the octanol-water system, octanol contains 2.3 mol dm 3 of water (one molecule of water per four molecules of octanol) and water is saturated with 4.5 x 10-3 mol dm 3 octanol. Octanol is more suitable than any other solvent system (for) mimicking biological membranes and organic matter properties, because it contains an aliphatic alkyl chain for pure van der Waals interactions plus the alcohol group, which can act as a hydrogen donor and acceptor. 

Nendza, M. (1991). QSARs of bioconcentration validity assessment of logPow/ logBCF correlations. In Bioaccumulation in Aquatic Systems, eds. Nagel, R. and Loskill, R., Series, VCH, Weinheim, Germany, pp. 43-66. 

In a study of the bioaccumulation of metals as colloid complexes and free ions by the marine brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus [29] the colloids were isolated and concentrated from water obtained from Dickinson Bayou, an inlet of Galveston Bay, Texas, using various filtration and ultrafiltration systems equipped with a spiral-wound 1 kDa cutoff cartridge. The total colloidal organic carbon in the concentrate was found to be 78 lmgdm 3. The shrimps were exposed to metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Cd, Ag, Sn, Ba and Hg) as radiolabelled colloid complexes, and free-ionic radiotracers using ultrafiltered seawater without radiotracers as controls. The experiments were designed so that the animals were exposed to environmentally realistic metal and colloid concentrations. 

Spade, A., McCarty, L. S. and Rand, G. M. (1995). Bioaccumulation and bioavailability in multiphase systems. In Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology. Effects, Environmental Fate and Risk Assessment, ed. Rand, G. M., Taylor and Francis, Washington DC, pp. 493-522. 

Binodal curves, 20 320-321 Bins concept, 70 32 Bioaccumulation, of herbicides, 73 310 Bioactive barrier, defined, 3 758t Bioactive fixation, 72 611 Bioactive food ingredients, 7 7 646 Bioactive nutritions, 7 7 645t Bioactive substances identifying, 77 646 safety of, 77 647 Bioactive zone, defined, 3 758t Bioadhesive agents, 9 48, 49 Bioadhesive drug delivery systems, 9 45... 

Legal limitations placed upon the use of all newly launched nonbiodegradable chemicals in Japan require testing each product for accumulation in fish before it can be marketed. These regulations have stimulated corresponding studies about the bioaccumulation of pigments [16]. The distribution coefficient Pow between n-octanol and water may be used to indicate the tendency of a chemical to accumulate in biological systems [17]. 

---