Beta Site

Early beta-site customers were frequently the parent companies or petrochemical affiliates of the membrane developers. Thus, there were convenient relationships and an internal willingness to take the risk of being a beta-site. Realignment of the membrane suppHers and changes within the petrochemical industry has severed many of these relationships. Thus, two organizations must become convinced of the risk/reward merits of the new undertaking. While this provides two independent audits of the merits, the identification and negotiations for a beta-site customer have become doubly more involved. 

However, the economics of many applications are site specific hence, the relative merits of a membrane approach can be unique to each installation. Often their true value can only be determined by the customers themselves. For example, the economics of many applications are strongly dependent upon the utility and energy pricing for the site, parameters that are likely to be known only by the customers. Frequently, industrial gas customers conduct make-versus-buy analyses in which case the equipment supplier may have few clues about the costs involved in an alternative supply chain. Thus, there is an intuitive concern among many suppliers that it is difficult to quantify value and price their products to the trae customer value. For example, it is hard to capture the value for having onsite availability and independence from outages created by transportation or delivery interrupts. In some cases, particularly those involving portable or movable gas-separation units capable of remote operation, membranes offer capability where none existed before. 

---

Spoelgen, R., von Arnim, C.A., Thomas, A.V., et al. (2006) Interaction of the cytosolic domains of sorLA/LRll with the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and beta-secretase beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme. J. Neurosci., 26, 418-428. 

Prototype LIBS sorting system is firstly developed by International Technologies Lasers (ITL) Company. In present modification, the system accomplishes evaluation of conveyed rocks composition. Beta site test was successfully accomplished at 2004 on Four Corners Mine, Florida. 

The strongest intramolecular interaction was found for transition states corresponding to beta sites [122]. This feature was found responsible for the "anomalous" higher reactivity of beta sites. The ratios between the complex/direct normalized rate coefficients were found to be 7 and 20 for alpha and beta abstractions, respectively, at room temperature (Table 12.4). As a rough approximation, this means that tunneling is responsible for increasing fc in a factor of 7 and the additional stabilization of the TS increases the rate coefficient in a factor of 3. 

Willem M, Dewachter I, Smyth N, Van Dooren T, Borghgraef P, Haass C, Van Leuven F (2004) beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 increases amyloid deposition in brain parenchyma but reduces cerebrovascular amyloid angiopathy in aging BACE x APP[V717I] double-transgenic mice. Am J Pathol 165 1621-1631. 

Farzan M, Schnitzler CE, Vasilieva N, Leung D, Choe H. 2000. BACE2, a beta-secretase homolog, cleaves at the beta site and within the amyloid-beta region of the amyloid-beta precursor protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 9712-17... 

Huse JT, Pijak DS, Leslie GJ, Lee VM, Dorns RW. 2000. Maturation and endoso-mal targeting of beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme. The Alzheimer s disease beta-secretase. J. Biol. Chem. 275 33729-37... 

Ilq23.2-q23.3 30.57 BACEl Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 604252 ... 

Puglielli, L., Ellis, B. C., Saunders, A. J., and Kovacs, D. M. Ceramide stabilizes beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 and promotes amyloid beta-peptide biogenesis. J Biol Chem 278 (2003) 19777-19783. 

Beta site - Can a customer or partner be identified who will accept the risks associated with new technology and initial installation at a meaningful and acceptable scale of operation ... 

---