Beta-adrenoceptor blockers

Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. NSAIDs interact with both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, such as enalapril, and beta-adrenoceptor blockers, such as atenolol, resulting in antagonism to the hypotensive reaction, leading to a hypertensive reaction. NSAIDs interact with... 

There is an increased risk of hyperkalaemia when ciclosporin is given with Coversyl, which contains perindopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Risk of nephrotoxicity associated with ciclosporin is increased with concomitant use with quinolones. Ciproxin contains ciprofloxacin, which is a quinolone. Tenormin contains atenolol, which is a beta-adrenoceptor blocker and there are no interactions between these agents and ciclosporin. 

Common side-effects associated with beta-adrenoceptor blockers, such as atenolol, include fatigue, bradycardia, sleep disturbances, and peripheral vasoconstriction leading to coldness of extremities. Water-soluble beta-blockers, such as atenolol, are less likely to cause sleep disturbances and nightmares than lipid-soluble beta-blockers, such as propranolol. 

Atenolol (water soluble beta-adrenoceptor blocker) is available as 25 mg, 50 mg or 100 mg tablets. 

Beta-adrenoceptor blockers block the sympathetic system antagonising the effect on the lungs, resulting in bronchoconstriction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, which may lead to bronchoconstriction. 

Mangoni AA, Jackson SH. The implications of a growing evidence base for drug use in elderly patients. Part 3. Beta-adrenoceptor blockers in heart failure and throm-bolytics in acute myocardial infarction. Br J Chn Pharmacol 2006 61(5) 513-20. 

Antidepressants, tricyclic Beta-adrenoceptor blockers Calcium channel blockers Carbamazepine. 

See also Anticoagulants, oral Beta-adrenoceptor blockers Lithium. 

Toda N. Vasodilating beta-adrenoceptor blockers as cardiovascular therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther. 2003 100 215-234. 

Preparations Available Beta Adrenoceptor Blockers Acebutolol(generic, Sectral)... 

See also Anticoagulants, oral Antidepressants, tricyclic Beta-adrenoceptor blockers Calcium channel blockei XariDamazejhn ... 

Harmer, C.J., Perrett, D.I., Cowen, P.J., and Goodwin, G.M. (2001). Administration of the beta-adrenoceptor blocker propranolol impairs the processing of facial expression of sadness. Psychopharmacology, 154, 383-389. 

Losartan was proved to be more effective for stroke prevention in patients with hypertension and LVH than the beta adrenoceptor blocker atenolol in the LIFE Study [8]. Furthermore, losartan in a comparative trial with hydrochlorothiazide/ atenolol [38], valsartan [39] were shown to inhibit the cognitive decline associated with hypertension in the elderly patients. 

Some pharmacodynamic effects, e.g. heart rate with beta-adrenoceptor blocker, provide a physiological marker as an indication of the presence of drug in the body. 

Beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Neonatal hypoglycaemia may occur. Satalol and atenolol are present in the highest amounts. 

Beta-adrenoceptor blockers. The realisation that the coiuse of chronic heart failure can be adversely affected by activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems led to exploration of possible benefit from P-adrenoceptors in a condition where, paradoxically, such drugs can have an adverse effect. Clinical trials have, indeed, shown that bisoprolol, carvedilol or metoprolol lower mortality and decrease hospitalisation when added to diuretics, digoxin and an ACE inhibitor (see below). 

Small quantities of adrenaline, such as are present as an additive in local anesthetic formulations, can be dangerously potentiated by beta-adrenoceptor blockers propranolol should be discontinued at least 3 days in advance of administering such products for local anesthesia. A combined infusion of adrenaline and propranolol has been used for diagnosing insulin resistance, but it can evoke cardiac dysrhythmias, even in patients without signs of coronary disease (17). 

Neil-Dwyer G, Bartlett J, McAinsh J, Cruickshank JM. Beta-adrenoceptor blockers and the blood-brain barrier. Br J Chn Pharmacol 1981 ll(6) 549-53. 

Kendall MJ, Jack DB, Quarterman CP, Smith SR, Zaman R. Beta-adrenoceptor blocker pharmacokinetics and the oral contraceptive pill. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1984 17(Suppl l) S87-9. 

Few clinical trials have been done in insomnias that are not associated with circadian rhythm disorders. Large doses of melatonin may have a therapeutic effect in chronic insomnia. Insomnia that coincides with diminished melatonin secretion occurs in aging and following treatment with beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Trials of melatonin treatment for... 

Hjalmarson A Cardioprotection with beta-adrenoceptor blockers Does lipophilicity matter Basic Res... 

Serum potassium Myocardial function is critically dependent on serum potassium level. Drugs that cause hyperkalemia include beta-adrenoceptor blockers, digitalis (in suicidal overdose), fiuoride, and lithium. Drugs associated with hypokalemia include barium, beta-adrenoceptor agonists, methylxanthines, most diuretics, and toluene. 

Mutschler E, Spahn H, Kirch W. The interaction between H2-receptor antagonists and beta-adrenoceptor blockers.BrJC/mP/jawzaco/(1984) 17, 51S-57S. 

Hjalmarson, A. (2(XX)) Cardioprotection with Beta-Adrenoceptor Blockers. Does Lipophihcity Matter Basic Res. Cardiol. 95 (Suppl. 1), 141-145. 

---