Berberidaceae family

The genus Podophyllum (Berberidaceae family), including the American P. peltatum L. (American mayapple) and Indian or Tibetan P. emodi WaU (syn. P. hexandrum Royle), has been... 

Naidovich LP, Trumneva EA, Tolkachev ON, Vasileva VD (1976) Chemical composition of indigenous species of the Berberidaceae family. Interrelation of chemical structure and pharmacological activity. Farmatsiia 25(4) 33-38 (in Russian)... 

A list of the secobisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids with their species of origin is included in Table VIII. The secobisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids have mainly been found among members of the family Berberidaceae, less frequently in the Annonaceae, and in only a single case in the Ranunculaceae. In Table IX some of the physical data and spectral features of secobisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are presented. 

Quinolizidine alkaloids (QA) are thought to be typical natural products of many Leguminosae (1-3) but a few isolated occurrences have been reported also in unrelated families, e.g. Chenopodiaceae ( 1 ), Berberidaceae ( ), Papaveraceae ( ), Scrophulariaceae ( ), Santalaceae ( ), Solanaceae ( ), and Ranunculaceae (J ). These observations could indicate that the genes for QA biosynthesis are probably not restricted to the Leguminosae but are widely distributed in the plant kingdom however, they are only rarely expressed in the other families. We could support this belief by recent experiments using plant cell suspension cultures. A short-term and transientQA formation could be detected after induction even in "QA-free" species, such as Daucus, Spinacia, Conium, and Symphytum (6). 

Quinolizidine alkaloids (lupine alkaloids) occur in the family Leguminosae, especially the subfamily Papilionaceae. They are also found in some species of other families such as Chenopodiaceae, Berberidaceae, Papaveraceae, Nymphaeaceae, Ranunculaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Compositae, Rubiaceae, Monimiaceae, Ericaceae, and Adociidae. 

The lignans are a large group of plant phenolics, biosynthesized from the union of two phenylpropane molecules e.g., both matairesinol (Centaurea species, family Asteraceae) and podophyllotoxin Podophyllum peltatum, family Berberidaceae) are formed from the phenylpropane coniferyl alcohol. Lignans are essentially cinnamoyl alcohol dimers, though further cyclization and other structural modifications result in various structural types, e.g. dibenzylbutyrolactone and epoxy lignan. 

Condylox is the brand name of podofilox, an antimitotic drug that can be chemically synthesized or purified from the plant families Coniferae and Berberidaceae (e.g., species of Juniperus and Podophyllum). Condylox 0.5% solu-... 

A few members of the family arc found in South America but as a group the Berberidaceae are chiefly north temperate. Many are used as ornamentals and some bear edible fruit. 

Benzylisoquinolines, of which more than 2500 structures are known, are found as defence chemicals within the families of the superorder Mag-noliids (comprising Piperales, Laurales and Magnoliales with the families Annonaceae, Eupomatiaceae, Aristolochiaceae, Magnoliaceae, Lau-raceae, Monimiaceae), Nelumbonaceae and Ranunculales (i.e. Berberidaceae,... 

The genera in the family of Berberidaceae (Table 1) include lychee and soapberry. 

Berberidacea or Barberry Family.—Herbs and woody plants with watery juices and alternate, or radical, simple or compound leaves often bearing spines or barbs, which give them a barbed appearance. Fruit a berry or capsule. 

Heteroatom-demethylation reactions catalyzed by peroxidases could be of significant importance in the activation of drugs (xenobiotics) in plants and be responsible for some plant diseases [91]. Likewise, O-dealkylation reactions catalyzed by peroxidases may be important in the metabolism of tetrahydroprotoberberine (XV) and protoberberine (XVI) alkaloids in the plant families Berberidaceae and Ranunculaceae [50]. 

The alkaloids of this group ate restricted to the genus Berberis of the family Berberidaceae. In fact, B. buxifolia has been the source of all the alkaloids, with B. horrida serving as an additional source of calafatine (190). 

BARBERRY ROOT, Berberidis radix is the root of Berberis vulgaris, L., family Berberidaceae, containing 3% alkaloids with berberine, jateorhizine and palmitine as the main constitutents. It stimulates the smooth muscles and empties the gallbladder but has no choleretic effect. 

Isoquinoline alkaloids are the second major class of alkaloids encountered in Sri Lankan flora and occur mainly in the families Annonaceae, Berberidaceae, Fabaceae, Lauraceae, and Menispermaceae. Plants of the Annonaceae have... 

The protoberberines constitute a group of alkaloids that can theoretically be derived from benzylisoquinolines by condensation with S-adenosyl-methionine. Protoberberine alkaloids occur in a wide variety of plant families, including the Annonaceae, Berberidaceae, Menispermaceae, Papa-veraceae, Ranunculaceae, and Rutaceae. Investigation of the stem of Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight and Arn. (Menispermaceae), a southeast Asian plant collected in Sri Lanka, has afforded two protoberberine alkaloids, (-)-8-oxotetrahydropalmatine (62) and oxypalmatine (63) (46), whereas the stems and roots of the same species occurring in Indonesia have yielded, in addition to 62, berberine, palmatine, magnoflorine, and columbamine (58). 

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