Dimethylformamide-Benzoyl chloride

Benzoyl chloride Dimethylformamide Hydrogen peroxide Perfluoroxylene Tetrabromoethane... 

The synthesis of the basic skeleton of 1-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids has been reported by Uff et al. 15) starting from isoquinoline and benzyl chloride (Scheme 5). The preparation of Reissert compound iV-benzyl-l-cyano-l,2-di-hydroisoquinoline (4) was performed in a dichloromethane-water two-phase system with potassium cyanide and benzoyl chloride in about 64-69% yield. The deprotonation of 4 with sodium hydride in dimethylformamide solution, the subsequent alkylation with benzyl chloride, and the final alkaline hydrolysis could be performed as a one-pot reaction sequence to supply 1-benzylisoquinoline (25) in an overall yield of 75-84%. 

Benzoyl chlorides, like other acyl chlorides, react readily with alcohols to form the corresponding esters (259). The reaction requires 19 h to be completed, and it has been studied in the analysis of carbohydrates, aminosugars, and glycosides (260). Because the preparation of acyl derivatives of monosaccharides is difficult, phenyldimethylsilyl chloride has been also investigated as an alternative label (261). After dissolving the analytes in dimethylformamide and addition of... 

Dehydrobromination of 174 with lithium bromide in dimethylformamide gave the tribromo-4-azaazulenone 11 in good yield (69JCS(C)1028). In a one-pot synthesis, the lactam 177 was obtained from the dihydroisoquinoline 175 and the benzoyl chloride 176 (84TL3485). 

Azaindoles are readily acylated on the pyrrole nitrogen by warming on a water bath with acid anhydrides or with acid chlorides in the presence of carbonate or pyridine. Good yields were obtained by this procedure for the following compounds l-acetyl-7-azaindole, 1-benzoyl- and l-benzenesulfonyl-7-azaindole, l-benzoyl-2-methyl-7-azaindole, 1-ethoxycarbonyl- and l-chloroacetyl-7-azaindole, l-acetyl-3-cyano-7-azaindole, 1-benzoyl-4-azindole, and 1-acetyl- and l-benzoyl-2,5-dimethyl-4-azaindole. The only reported failure was with 5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-azaindole, which failed to react with acetic anhydride or benzoyl chloride. 2-Methyl-7-azaindole-3-acetic acid was acylated by treatment of its ierGbutyl ester with sodium hydride in dimethylformamide, followed by p-chlorobenzoyl chloride. ... 

The reaction of amide chlorides with alcohols to yield alkoxymethyleneiminium salts, e.g. (91) and (92 Scheme 9), is important for the preparation of cations with bulky alkoxy groups, e.g. f-butoxy. These alcoholysis reactions demand the presence of salts with less nucleophilic anions in order to avoid dealkylation of the cations. This difficulty does not arise if the iminium hexachloroantimonates, which are obtained from the chlorides by addition of SbClj, are used for alcoholysis. A convenient route to / -unsubstituted salts (93 equation 54) is the alcoholysis of the formamide-benzoyl chloride adduct. The reaction of phenols with dimethylformamide chloride (27) affords aryloxymethyleneiminium salts (94 equation 55) which are hard to prepare by other methods. By addition of alkynols to the a-ha-loenamine (95) alkoxymethyleneiminium salts have been obtained (equation 56). ... 

Thermally stable copolymers of 3-(trimethylsiloxyl)- and 3,5-bis(trimethylsiloxyl)benzoyl chloride (4A) or 3-acetoxy- and 3,5-diace-toxy-benzoic acid (4B) were prepared with mole ratios of AB AB2 monomer ranging from 160-5.32 Polymers containing 10-20 mole % of branching monomers were insoluble in CHC13 but soluble in polar solvents, such as A,A-dimethylformamide (DMF) or a mixture of pyridine and benzene. Compared to the linear homopolymer of 3-hydroxy-benzoic acid, the branched polymer showed lower crystallinity and slower crystallization. There was an inverse linear relationship between percent crystallinity and the number of branches in the chain. Similarly, in an attempt to improve moldability and decrease anisotropy of rigid aromatic polyesters, 0.3-10 mole % of 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, 3,5-di-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid were copolymerized with p-hydroxybenzoic acid/terephthalic acid/4,4 -dihydroxy-diphenyl.33 The branched polymer showed a lower orientation and possessed improved flex properties. 

Reaction of the imine 75, from 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and amino-acetal, with benzoyl chloride and potassium cyanide leads to the open-chain Reissert analog 76. This analog can be alkylated with benzyl chloride in the presence of dimethylformamide, but acid hydrolysis of the alkylation product leads to 77. ... 

Both pyrido[2,3-/)]pyrazine and its 2,3-dimethyl derivative undergo Reissert compound formation by treatment with trimethylsilyl cyanide, benzoyl chloride, and a catalytic amount of aluminum trichloride. The Reissert compound from pyrido[2,3-f>]pyrazine, 5-benzoyl-5,6-dihydropyrido-[2,3-/)]pyrazine-6-carbonitrile, is bismethylated in the 6- and 8-positions by iodomethane in dimethylformamide in 22% yield.88... 

Benzoyl chloride added at 0° to a stirred soln. of 1 g. 3,3, 4,4 -tetramethyl-2,2 -dipyrrylmethane in dimethylformamide, and the product isolated after 0.5 hr. 

Tri-O-benzyl-D-arabinofuranose stirred at 0° with a mixture of ethanethiol and anhydrous Mg-sulfate satd. with HGl, and the product treated with benzoyl chloride in pyridine 4-0-benzoyl-2,3,5-tri-0-benzyl-D-arabinose diethyl di-thioacetal (Y 94%) added with Drierite to henzyl alcohol, stirred 1 hr. after addition of Cd-carbonate and HgClg the product isolated after 2 hrs. -> 4-0-benzoyl-2,3,5-tri-0-henzyl-D-arabinose dibenzyl acetal (Y 80%) stirred 16 hrs. under reflux at 56-58° with BaO, Drierite, methyl iodide, and dimethylformamide, the resulting crude 2,3,5-tri-0-henzyl-4-0-methyl-D-arabinose dibenzyl acetal hydrogenated ca. 2.5 hrs. with palladous chloride in methanol, and the product refluxed 1.5 hrs. in 0.5 N HGl to hydrolyze the methyl glycoside present 4-0-methyl-y -D-arabinopyranose (Y 64%). — This pathway is not dependent on the stereochemistry of the aldose. H. G. Fletcher, Jr., and H. W. Diehl, J. Org. Ghem. 30, 2321 (1965). 

Miscellaneous Reactions. The adduct (19) from dimethylformamide and benzoyl chloride converts alcohols into formate esters in generally good yields. 

The well-known synthesis of the dmit ligand (40) was first reported in 1975 from carbon disulphide and sodium in dimethylformamide (DMF) [63]. The dmit ligand can be separated of the sodium trithiocarbonate (39) obtained in the reaction by precipitating the zinc complex (41), formed in aqueous ammonia, with methanol (Scheme 1.11). This procedure was later improved [64] and the dmit ligand better protected by converting the tetraalkylammonium zinc complex (41) into the benzoyl derivative (42) by reaction with benzoyl chloride. The dmit dianion (40) can be regenerated from the benzoyl derivative by treating with sodium methoxide. Fmfher treatment with the metal salt (M = Ni, Pd, Pt, Fe, Au, Cu, Rh) affords the dmit complex [61]. 

Under a nitrogen blanket, a mixture of 3 g of 4-(2-piperidinoethoxy)benzoic acid hydrochloride, 2 drops of dimethylformamide, 2.5 ml of thionyl chloride and 40 ml of chlorobenzene was heated at 70°-75°C for about one hour. The excess thionyl chloride and 15-20 ml of solvent were then distilled off. The remaining suspension was cooled to ambient temperature, and to it were added 100 ml of dichloromethane, 2.7 g of 6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl) benzo[b]thiophene and 10 g of aluminum chloride. The solution was stirred for about one hour, 7.5 ml of ethanethiol was added, and the mixture was stirred for 45 minutes more. Then 40 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added, followed by 15 ml of 20% hydrochloric acid, with an exotherm to reflux. Fifty ml of water and 25 ml of saturated aqueous sodium chloride was added. The mixture was stirred and allowed to cool to ambient temperature. The precipitate was collected by filtration and washed successively with 30 ml of water, 40 ml of 25% aqueous tetrahydrofuran, and 35 ml of water. The solids were then dried at 40°C under vacuum to obtain 5.05 g of product, which was identified by NMR as 6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[4-(2-piperidinoethoxy)benzoyl] benzo[b]thiophene hydrochloride melting point 217°C. 

Ac, acetyl AIBN, azobis(isobutanonitrile) All, allyl AR, aryl Bn, benzyl f-BOC, ferf-butoxycarbonyl Bu, Butyl Bz, benzoyl CAN, ceric ammonium nitrate Cbz, benzyloxycarbonyl m-CPBA, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid DAST, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride DBU, l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene DCC, /V. /V - d i eye I oh e x y I c ar bo -diimide DCM, dichloromethyl DCMME, dichloromethyl methyl ether DDQ, 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-l,4-benzoquinone DEAD, diethyl azodicarboxylate l-(+)-DET, L-(+)-diethyl tartrate l-DIPT, L-diisopropyl tartrate d-DIPT, D-diisopropyl tartrate DMAP, 4-dimethylaminopyridine DME, 1,2-dimethoxyethane DMF, /V./V-dimethylformamide DMP, 2,2-dimethoxypropane Et, ethyl Im, imidazole KHMDS, potassium hexamethyldisilazane Me, methyl Me2SO, dimethyl sulfoxide MOM, methoxymethyl MOMC1, methoxymethyl chloride Ms, methylsulfonyl MS, molecular sieves NBS, N-bromosuccinimide NIS, /V-iodosuccinimide NMO, /V-methylmorpho-line N-oxide PCC, pyridinium chlorochromate Ph, phenyl PMB, / -methoxvbenzyl PPTs, pyridiniump-toluenesulfonate i-Pr, isopropyl Py, pyridine rt, room temperature TBAF, tetrabutylammonium fluoride TBS, ferf-butyl dimethylsilyl TBDMSC1, f-butylchlorodimethylsilane Tf, trifhioromethylsulfonyl Tf20, trifluoromethylsulfonic anhydride TFA, trifluoroacetic acid THF, tetrahydrofuran TMS, trimethylsilyl TPAP, tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate / -TsOH. / -toluenesulfonic acid... 

---