Behavioural questions

Mackintosh For inarticulate animals, all you can do is pose an inarticulate behavioural question, and they either do or do not produce the correct behaviour. That is usually regarded as implicit knowledge. They cannot answer the explicit question what information do you recollect from this learning... 

Sceptical theorists have been misinterpreted as going only so far as putting these definitional questions and moreover as implying that the behavioural questions are unimportant. While it... 

The argtiments of Norman and his co-workers seem to give affirmative answers to the first and second of these questions, but it is doubtful if the available data further require such an answer for the third question. It can be argued that the crucial comparison made between the behaviour of benzyltrimethylammonium ion and protonated benzyl methyl ether is invalid, and that it is possible to interpret the results in terms of nitration by the nitronium ion, modified by protonation of the oxygen atom of the ether a case for the possible involvement of the nitro-nium ion in specific interaction leading to o-substitution has been made. ... 

The previous section has given an indication of the range of plastics available to the design engineer. The important question then arises How do we decide which plastic, if any, is best for a particular application Material selection is not as difficult as it might appear but it does require an awareness of the general behaviour of plastics as a group, as well as a familiarity with the special characteristics of individual plastics. 

Experimentally it is found that the Fe-Co and Fe-Ni alloys undergo a structural transformation from the bee structure to the hep or fee structures, respectively, with increasing number of valence electrons, while the Fe-Cu alloy is unstable at most concentrations. In addition to this some of the alloy phases show a partial ordering of the constituting atoms. One may wonder if this structural behaviour can be simply understood from a filling of essentially common bands or if the alloying implies a modification of the electronic structure and as a consequence also the structural stability. In this paper we try to answer this question and reproduce the observed structural behaviour by means of accurate alloy theory and total energy calcul ions. 

The thermal strain measurements described above have the common feature of anisotropic behaviour in a supposed isotropic state (cubic structure). These observations go well beyond the short-range, static strain fields associated with the lattice impurities responsible for Huang scattering. This then raises the question of the temperature at which the lattice symmetry changes and the implications of this for the central mode scattering. 

We conclude this section by emphasizing that although specific choices for the rate constants were made in the original paper which could be questioned on the same basis as those of LH theories, this is not necessary to deduce the general physical behaviour of this model. Models which alow for a wide range of crystallization paths are capable of predicting a wide range of physical behaviour. 

There have been questions raised as to the suitability of using nucleation to explain, for example, the morphology or concentration behaviour. However, Toda... 

The question arises as to how useful atomistic models may be in predicting the phase behaviour of real liquid crystal molecules. There is some evidence that atomistic models may be quite promising in this respect. For instance, in constant pressure simulations of CCH5 [25, 26] stable nematic and isotropic phases are seen at the right temperatures, even though the simulations of up to 700 ps are too short to observe spontaneous formation of the nematic phase from the isotropic liquid. However, at the present time one must conclude that atomistic models can only be expected to provide qualitative data about individual systems rather than quantitative predictions of phase transition temperatures. Such predictions must await simulations on larger systems, where the system size dependency has been eliminated, and where constant... 

The main part of the paper consists in first formulating a DIFF for a data set of body component isotopic compositions when fed on known diets, next developing a flow-model appropriate to this data set whose behaviour can then be compared with the DIFF Many of the issues raised in this process help to provide an understanding for the wider questions posed in the introduction. 

May give the questioner some insight into why solvents are being used. This alone, however, is not likely to lead to a cessation of unsafe behaviour. 

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